Efficacy of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate in reducing the toxicity of dietary zearalenone to mink

Abstract

Ovariectomized mink were fed diets containing zearalenone (ZEN) at concentrations of 0, 10 or 20 ppm with or without 0.5% hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) for 24 days. Zearalenone at 10 and 20 ppm caused a significant increase in uterine weights, while 20 ppm ZEN resulted in significantly higher vulva swelling scores when compared to controls. The presence of HSCAS in the diet did not alter these hyperestrogenic effects of ZEN. In a second experiment, female mink were provided diets containing 20 ppm ZEN, 20 ppm ZEN plus 0.5% HSCAS or a control diet from 1 January 1989 through whelping (25 April to 15 May 1989). The females were given an opportunity to mate with untreated proven breeder males beginning on 1 March (day 59 of exposure). ZEN did not have an effect on the number of females whelping but there was a significant increase in gestation length, a decrease in litter size and an increase in kit mortality from birth to 3 weeks of age when compared to the control group and the group receiving the combination of ZEN and HSCAS. These results suggest that HSCAS can alleviate some of the reproductive effects of ZEN which are not related to its estrogenic action.

Preventive role of phyllosilicate clay on the Immunological and Biochemical toxicity of zearalenone in Balb/c mice

“…These findings suggested that the chemosorption (i.e tight binding) of ZEN to HSCAS resulting in a reduction of toxin bioavailability in the gastrointestinal tract. These results were supported by Bursian et al [31] who demonstrated that the addition of HSCAS to the diet protected mink against the reproductive defects of ZEN. Phillips et al [52] and Abdel-Wahhab et al [53] stated that HSCAS may possess three types of active binding sites, (i) those located at basal planes within interlayer channels, (ii) those located on the surface and (iii) those located at the edges of clay particles.…”

“…Other investigators suggested that the addition of different sorbent materials effectively decreased the effects of hyperestrogenism induced by ZEN in prepubertal mice [30]. Moreover, Bursian et al [31] demonstrated that the addition of HSCAS to ZEN-contaminated diet protected mink against reproductive failure.…”

Reducing human exposure to aflatoxin through the use of clay: A review

“…For example, in enterosorbent studies in poultry with mycotoxins other than aflatoxin, the inclusion of NS clay in the diet did not prevent the adverse effects of cyclopiazonic acid (Dwyer et al 1997), T-2 toxin (Kubena et al 1990a), diacetoxyscirpenol , ochratoxin A (Huff et al 1992), and fumonisins (Lemke 2000). The inclusion of clay in the zearalenone-contaminated diets of mink alleviated some fetotoxicity, but did not reduce the hyperestrogenic effects (Bursian et al 1992). Also the average daily weight gain was unchanged in pigs exposed to deoxynivalenol when clay was added to the diet at 0.5 and 1.0% w/w.…”

Detoxification of Zearalenone by viable and inactivated cells of Planococcus sp

“…A large number of nonnutritive adsorptive materials were investigated in vitro testing, such as cholestyramine crospovidone, montmorillonite, bentonite, sepiolite, magnesium trisilicate (Ramos, Hernandez, Pla-Delfina, & Merino, 1996), and modified clinoptilolite (Döll, Dänicke, Valenta, & Flachowsky, 2004;Toma sevic-Canovic, Dakovic, Rottinghaus, Matija sevic, & Ðuricic, 2003). In vivo, fiber or alfalfa minimizes the effects of ZEN toxicosis in rats or swine (Bursian, Aulerich, Cameron, Ames, & Steficek, 1992;Underhill, Rotter, Thompson, Prelusky, & Trenholm, 1995). The feasibility of utilizing organic adsorbents is examined as well, particularly Esterified glucomannan (Devegowda & Aravind, 2002;Swamy, Smith, MacDonald, Boermans, & Squires, 2002), which is isolated from the inner layer of yeast cell wall.…”