Efficacy of high-intensity laser therapy in patients with adhesive capsulitis: a sham-controlled randomized controlled trial

Exercise Therapy Is Effective for Improvement in Range of Motion, Function, and Pain in Patients With Frozen Shoulder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

“…The risk of bias within and between studies is presented in Figure 2. Regarding clinician reported outcome measures, being ROM, muscle strength and scapular position, overall three studies [56][57][58][59] had high quality, four studies [59][60][61][62] had moderate quality and 20 studies had low quality. Regarding the patient reported outcome measures, like pain and self-reported…”

“…Exercise therapy in patients with frozen shoulder questionnaires (e.g. Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) and Constant Murley Score (CMS)), overall two studies [57][58][59] had high quality, two studies 59,60 The initial agreement rate between the two reviewers for quality assessment was 77.8%, reaching full agreement after discussing the differences. Most differences occurred in the deviations from the intended interventions, where one reviewer made some assumptions.…”

“…80 Treatments One study compared supervised group exercises with home exercises, 82 whereas eight studies compared a multimodal program including exercises with solely exercises. 57,59,65,68,70,75,82,85 Four studies compared a multimodal program including exercises, with a multimodal program without exercises, 66, 78, 79, 86 and 24 studies compared two multimodal programs (identical PT modalities) including different exercises with each other. 56, 58-64, 66, 67, 69, 71-74, 76-78, 80, 81, 83, 84, 87, 88 Treatment period varied from 1 session 66 to 2 years 85 , with 4 weeks 61,63,72,73,75,84,86,88,89 as most common period.…”

“…56, 58-64, 66, 67, 69, 71-74, 76-78, 80, 81, 83, 84, 87, 88 Treatment period varied from 1 session 66 to 2 years 85 , with 4 weeks 61,63,72,73,75,84,86,88,89 as most common period. Other treatment durations were 2 weeks, 57,74,77,78,80 3 weeks, 59,64,79,87 5 weeks, 56, 65 6 weeks, 68, 69, 82 8 weeks 58, 62 and 12 weeks. 60,70,71,81 Most studies used the same follow up period as their treatment period, 56, 60, 61, 63-66, 70-72, 74, 75, 77, 78, 80, 83, 84, 86-88 however, some studies used a longer follow up period up to 3 months, 57, 59, 69 24 weeks, 79 6 months, 58,62 8 months, 68 1 year, 82 and 2 years.…”

“…Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)), 57,64,66,69,72,75,77,84,87 wand/wall exercises, 62,64,66,76,83,84 (Codman) pendulum exercises, 56, 59, 62, 65-67, 70-72, 75-78, 80, 83-85, 87 and stretching exercises. 60,65,67,69,71,74,80,84 ROM exercises, 59,67,69,71 functional exercises (e.g. daily activities), 57,88 scapulothoracic exercises, 58,69 cycle ergometer exercise, 56 yoga, 86 position induced movement re-education, 78 exercise circuit (combination of various exercises), 82 and not further defined active exercises 81 were less common.…”