Efficacy of high hydrostatic pressure as a quarantine treatment to improve the quality of mango fruits infested by the Mexican fruit flyAnastrepha ludens

Abstract

Efficacy of high hydrostatic pressure as a quarantine treatment to improve the quality of mango fruits infested by the Mexican fruit fly Anastrepha ludens Eficacia de la alta presio´n hidrosta´tica como tratamiento cuarentenario para mejorar la calidad de los frutos del mango infestados por la mosca de la fruta mexicana Anastrepha ludens High hydrostatic pressure (HPP) has been reported as an alternative quarantine process in fruits infested by Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran and Cydia pomonella (L.). In Mexico and other Latin-American countries, the Mexican fruit fly Anastrepha ludens Loew is one of the most important insects infesting mangoes, citrus, and other fruits. The present study aimed to determine the effect of pressure level and time on the survival of eggs and larvae of the Mexican fruit fly. Eggs and larvae were pressurized at 25, 50, 75, 100, or 150 MPa for 0, 5, 10 or 20 min at 25 8C. Ripe and green mangoes were also pressurized under the same conditions. On pressurized eggs of 1, 2, 3, and 4 days old, their ability to hatch was recorded. On pressurized first, second and third instars, the percentage of survival was registered. Furthermore, third instars were studied for their ability to pupate and to develop adults. The results showed that although most of eggs and larvae died at pressures lower than 100 MPa, some of them were able to survive even at 150 MPa, and a few third instars were able to pupate and to develop to adulthood. Green mangoes were affected by pressures above 75 MPa but they were more resistant than ripe mangoes. HPP treatments seem to be feasible as a quarantine process for mangoes; however, more studies, such as combining HPP with temperature treatments, are needed in order to decrease the pressure level to avoid fruit damage.Keywords: Mexican fruit fly; high hydrostatic pressure; eggs; larvae; quarantine; mango fruits La alta presio´n hidrosta´tica ha sido descrita como un proceso de cuarentena alternativa en frutas infestadas por Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran y Cydia pomonella (L.). En Me´xico y otros paı´ses Latinoamericanos, la mosca de la fruta mexicana Anastrepha ludens Loew es uno de los ma´s importantes insectos que infestan los mangos, cı´tricos y otras frutas. El presente estudio tuvo como meta determinar el efecto del nivel de presio´n y tiempo sobre la supervivencia de huevos y larvas de la mosca de la fruta mexicana. Huevos y larvas se presurizaron a 25, 50, 75, 100, y 150 MPa durante 0, 5, 10, y 20 min a 25 8C. Mangos maduros y verdes tambie´n se presurizaron bajo las mismas condiciones. En huevos presurizados de uno, dos, tres y cuatro dı´as de vida, se registroś u capacidad para eclosionar. En primera, segunda y tercera etapa larvaria presurizada, el porcentaje de supervivencia tambie´n se registro´. Adema´s, en la tercera etapa larvaria se estudio´su capacidad para salir de la crisa´lida y desarrollar adultos. Los resultados mostraron que aunque la mayorı´a de los huevos y larvas murieron a presiones po...

Efecto de las altas presiones hidrostáticas en la fisiología postcosecha del mango ‘Ataulfo’

“…Sin embargo, es necesario estudiar el efecto de las APH en diferentes etapas de la maduracio´n del mango para determinar como se altera la fisiologı´a postcosecha del fruto, cuando se somete a APH verde, en madurez fisiolo´gica o cuando el fruto ha iniciado el climaterio. Tambie´n se requiere estudiar el efecto de las APH en las diferentes variedades de mango destinadas a la exportacio´n, ya que los mangos responden en forma diferente a los me´todos cuarentenarios y el mango 'Tommy Atkins' parecio´mostrar mayor resistencia a las APH que la que se reporta en este estudio para el mango 'Ataulfo' (Candelario- Rodrı´guez et al, 2009). …”

“…Diferentes estudios han demostrado la eficiencia de las APH para destruir insectos que infestan las frutas, incluyendo la mosca de la fruta del Mediterra´neo (Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann) (Butz & Tauscher, 1995), la mosca de la fruta de la cereza Occidental (Rhagoletis indifferens Curran), polilla de la manzana (Cydia pomonella L.) (Neven et al, 2007), y la mosca Mexicana de la fruta (Anastrepha ludens Loew) (Candelario-Rodrı´guez et al, 2009). Sin embargo las condiciones requeridas para destruir la plaga (cercanas a los 150 MPa) afectaron negativamente la calidad de la fruta (Neven et al, 2007).…”

“…Recientemente se ha demostrado que las APH combinadas con calor (508C) o frı´o (08C), pueden destruir los huevos y larvas de mosca de la fruta de Anastrepha ludens (Loew) y A. oblicua (Macquart) usando niveles de presurizacio´n por debajo de los 100 MPa (Vela´zquez et al, 2010a,b). Esto es importante porque se sabe que los mangos verdes de las variedades Florida presentan cambios mı´nimos externos cuando se someten a 100 MPa por 5 min (Candelario-Rodrı´guez et al, 2009). Por otra parte, la mosca de la fruta mexicana (A. ludens) y de la India occidental (A. oblicua) son las dos plagas ma´s importantes que infectan frutas en Me´xico, incluyendo los mangos destinados a exportacio´n (Camargo, Odell, & Jiro´n, 1996;Herna´ndez, Orozco, Breceda, & Domı´nguez, 2007).…”

Effect of high hydrostatic pressure on antioxidant content of 'Ataulfo' mango during postharvest maturation

“…However, preliminary reports have indicated that pressure levels required to destroy eggs and larvae of targeted pests (above 100 MPa) can induce detrimental changes in hosted fruits and modify their postharvest physiology (NEVEN;FOLLETT;RAGHUBEER, 2007;CANDELARIO et al, 2009;VELÁZQUEZ et al, 2010a, b). Consumers concerns regarding the nutritional quality and presence of bioactive compounds in fruits and vegetables has increased recently; therefore, the use of any postharvest technology in fruits and vegetables requires preserving their nutritional quality (WOLBANG;FITOS;TREEBY, 2008).…”

An Improved Quarantine Method for Mangoes Against the Mexican Fruit Fly Based on High-Pressure Processing Combined with Heat

“…High-pressure processing (HPP) has been reported as an alternative quarantine process for the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata, Wiedemann) (Butz and Tauscher, 1995), the western cherry fruit fly (Rhagoletis indifferens, Curran), the codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.) (Neven et al, 2007), and the Mexican fruit fly (Candelario-Rodríguez et al, 2009). HPP at low temperatures (08C) was more efficient destroying A. ludens eggs and larvae than HPP at room temperature (258C) .…”