Efficacy of HBM-Based Dietary Education Intervention on Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior in Medical Students

Abstract

BackgroundUsing various models of behavior change, a number of studies in the area of nutrition education have confirmed that nutrition habits and behaviors can be improved.ObjectivesThis study sought to determine the effects of education on patterns of dietary consumption among medical students at the military university of Tehran, with a view to correcting those patterns.MethodsIn this quasi-experimental study, 242 medical students from the Military University of Tehran were chosen by convenience sampling and then divided into control (n = 107) and intervention groups (n = 135) by block randomization. The self-administered questionnaire involving six categories of item (knowledge, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived threats, self-efficacy and behavior) has been validated (Cronbach alpha > 0.7 for each).ResultsFollowing the educational intervention, the mean score of knowledge, health belief model (HBM) structure, and behavior of students in relation to healthy patterns of food intake increased significantly (P < 0.05). The mean pre-intervention knowledge score was 6.76 (1.452), referring to threats to HBM constructs including perceived threat 2.93 (1.147), perceived benefits 7.28 (1.07), perceived barriers 5.44 (1.831), self- efficacy 4.28 (1.479), and behavior 8.84 (2.527). The post-intervention scores all improved as follows: knowledge 8.3 (1.503), perceived threats 3.29 (1.196), perceived benefits 7.71 (0.762), perceived barriers 5.9 (1.719), self- efficacy 4.6 (1.472), and behavior 9.45 (2.324). This difference in mean scores for knowledge, health belief structures and employee behavior before and after educational intervention was significant (P ≤ 0.05).ConclusionsThe significant improvement in the experimental group’s mean knowledge, HBM structures , and behavior scores indicates the positive effect of the intervention.

Effect of Nutrition Education Based on Health Belief Model on Nutritional Knowledge and Dietary Practice of Pregnant Women in Dessie Town, Northeast Ethiopia: A Cluster Randomized Control Trial

“…The perceived barriers were decreased in this study. Apart from perceived barriers, the result of other Health Belief Model constructs' scores was in agreement with finding from Iran [ 33 ]. The perceived barriers were increased in compared study.…”

“…Another study from Iran reported that providing nutrition education based on HBM significantly improved knowledge, attitude, and practice relating to calcium intake among adolescent students [ 32 ]. Similarly, Tavakoli et al concluded that nutrition education based on HBM has positive significant effect of mean knowledge score, attitude, and behavior in medical student [ 33 ]. The finding was also in agreement with another study from Iran in which the authors suggested that providing education based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) can effectively improve the knowledge, attitude, and practice of adolescent students towards nutrient intake.…”

Assessment of a Dietary Consultation Model for Effective Diabetes Care in Saudi Population using Partial Least Squares Estimation

“…Our study contradicts with this study as DK was significantly positively predicting DP. A recently conducted study found a moderate but significant association between knowledge and dietary behavior (Tavakoli et al, 2016). This result is almost similar to our study findings, where DK is significantly predicting DP.…”

The Comparison of Lecture-Based and Web-Based Education on Nursing Students’ Learning in the Management of Radiation Injuries

“…Nowadays, the application of modern methods of education is inevitable [15]. Different methods of education are evaluated in several studies and each study makes some suggestions to use the method of education [14,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”