Efficacy of guanidinoacetic acid on growth and muscle energy metabolism in broiler chicks receiving arginine-deficient diets

DeGroot, A.A.; Braun, Ulrike; Dilger, Ryan N.

doi:10.3382/ps/pex378

Cited by 47 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…These decreases in relative expression indicate that elevated levels of creatine in the hatching eggs allow for hatchlings to reduce processes of endogenic creatine synthesis within their tissues. This may result in increased availability of arginine and glycine from egg resources for the benefit of the developing embryo and hatchling, as was found in broilers ( Degroot et al., 2018 , Degroot et al., 2019 ), and allow for directing energetic and nutritional resources toward other physiological processes taking place throughout this critical preriod of development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Guanidinoacetate is therefore a favorable feed additive, owing to its role in maintaining available cellular energy and its chemical stability ( Ostojic, 2015 ). In poultry, several studies on broilers have shown beneficial effects of GAA supplementation on muscle creatine concentrations, feed efficiency, and meat yield, with potential for sparing dietary arginine ( Michiels et al., 2012 , Degroot et al., 2018 , Degroot et al., 2019 ). Guanidinoacetate supplementation in broiler breeder hen feed may therefore benefit broiler progeny during development and alleviate their energetic limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From broiler breeder hen feed to the egg and embryo: The molecular effects of guanidinoacetate supplementation on creatine transport and synthesis

et al. 2020

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Supplementation of broiler breeder hens with beneficial additives bears great potential for affecting nutrient deposition into the fertile egg. Guanidinoacetate ( GAA ) is the endogenous precursor of creatine that is used as a feed additive for improving cellular energy metabolism in animal nutrition. In the present study, we have investigated whether GAA supplementation in broiler breeder feed affects creatine deposition into the hatching egg and molecular mechanisms of creatine transport and synthesis within hens and their progeny. For this, broiler breeder hens of 47 wk of age were supplemented with 0.15% GAA for 15 wk, and samples from their tissues, hatching eggs and progeny were compared with those of control, nonsupplemented hens. A significant increase in creatine content was found within the yolk and albumen of hatching eggs obtained from the GAA group, compared with the control group. The GAA group exhibited a significant increased creatine transporter gene expression compared with the control group in their small intestines and oviduct. In GAA group progeny, a significant decrease in creatine transporter expression at embryonic day 19 and day of hatch was found, compared with control group progeny. At the day of hatch, creatine synthesis genes (arginine glycine amidinotransferase and guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase) exhibited significant decrease in expression in the GAA group progeny compared with control group progeny. These results indicate that GAA supplementation in broiler breeder feed increases its absorbance and deposition into hatching eggs, subsequently affecting GAA and creatine absorbance and synthesis within broiler progeny.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From broiler breeder hen feed to the egg and embryo: The molecular effects of guanidinoacetate supplementation on creatine transport and synthesis

et al. 2020

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“…Experimental diets were analyzed for proximate and amino acid composition and GAA, Cr, creatinine, and choline content, as described by Michiels et al. (2012) and DeGroot et al. (2018) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Higher Arg bioavailability might thus be beneficial for heat-stressed birds, as it has been demonstrated in Pekin ducks ( Zhu et al., 2014 ). Furthermore, conclusively, it was demonstrated that dietary supplemented GAA is able to spare Arg in broilers ( Dilger et al., 2013 ; DeGroot et al., 2018 ) owing to the fact that less endogenous GAA is synthesized. Consequently, more Arg would be available for its protein and other nonprotein functions, such as a precursor for nitric oxide and polyamines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guanidinoacetic acid supplementation improves feed conversion in broilers subjected to heat stress associated with muscle creatine loading and arginine sparing

et al. 2020

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It was hypothesized that dietary guanidinoacetic acid ( GAA ), the precursor of creatine ( Cr ), would be beneficial to heat-stressed finisher broilers owing to improved cellular energy status and arginine sparing effects. A total of 720 one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were allocated to 3 treatments, 0 (control), 0.6, or 1.2 g/kg of GAA added to complete corn–soybean meal diets, and were fed for 39 D, with 12 replicates (20 birds each) per treatment. A chronic cyclic heat stress model (at a temperature of 34°C and 50 to 60% relative humidity for 7 h daily) was applied in the finisher phase (day 25–39). Samples were taken on day 26 and 39 to determine thrombocyte, white blood cell, corticosterone, protein and amino acid levels in blood and Cr, phosphocreatine ( PCr ), and adenosine triphosphate levels in the breast muscle. Meat quality was assessed on day 40 after overnight fasting. Guanidinoacetic acid at a dose of 1.2 g/kg decreased feed-to-gain ratio compared with the control in the grower phase (1.32 vs . 1.35, respectively; P <0.05). In the finisher period, the supplementation of 1.2 g/kg of GAA reduced feed intake compared with the control (–3.3%, P <0.05), whereas both GAA supplementation levels improved feed efficiency markedly (1.76, 1.66, and 1.67 for 0 [control], 0.6, and 1.2 g/kg of GAA, respectively, P <0.05). Mortality outcomes highlight that GAA feeding improved survival during heat stress, supported by lower panting frequency (linear effect, P <0.05). Plasma arginine was higher with increase in dietary GAA concentration on day 26 (+18.3 and + 30.8% for 0.6 and 1.2 g/kg of GAA, respectively; P <0.05). This suggests enhanced availability of arginine for other metabolic purposes than de novo GAA formation. In the breast muscle, PCr (day 39, P <0.05), free Cr (day 39, P <0.05), total Cr (both days, P <0.05), and PCr-to-adenosine triphosphate ratio (day 39, P <0.05) levels were increased with higher GAA content in diet. Guanidinoacetic acid supplementation improved feed conversion and survival during chronic cyclic heat stress, which may be associated with enhanced breast muscle energy status and arginine sparing effect.

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“…Nevertheless, the pricy supplement of ARG is not available as a feed grade additive in the market (Khajali & Wideman, 2010. Recently, attempts have been made to substitute GAA for ARG DeGroote, Braun, & Dilger, 2018). Ahmadipour, Zafari Naeini, Sharifi, and Khajali (2018) evaluated the response of broiler chickens to dietary GAA ranging from 0 to 2 g/kg.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined effects of guanidinoacetic acid, coenzyme Q₁₀ and taurine on growth performance, gene expression and ascites mortality in broiler chickens

Faraji

Dehkordi

Moghadam

et al. 2018

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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High levels of guanidinoacetate acid (GAA) deteriorate growth response in broiler chickens. We propose using coenzyme Q10, an antioxidant, and taurine (TAU), a methyl donor, to cope with the situation when high level of GAA included in diet. GAA was supplemented at 0 (control), 0.75, 1.5 and 2.25 g/kg in isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets and fed to broilers (Cobb 500) from 1 to 40 days post‐hatch. Three additional diets were prepared by adding CoQ10 (40 mg/kg), TAU (40 mg/kg) or their combination (both CoQ10 and TAU at 40 mg/kg) to the 2.25 g/kg GAA group. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design. While weight gain (p = 0.038) and feed conversion ratio (p = 0.024) improved when GAA added at 1.5 g/kg, higher supplementation (2.25 g/kg) deteriorated these responses. These responses, however, were significantly restored by using CoQ10, TAU or their combination. Abdominal fat deposition was significantly decreased when TAU added to broiler diets by virtue of upregulating peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor alpha. Supplementing broiler diets with CoQ10 and TAU or their combination significantly decrease ascites mortality. In conclusion, CoQ10 and TAU have shown beneficial effects when high level of GAA included in broiler diets.

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Efficacy of guanidinoacetic acid on growth and muscle energy metabolism in broiler chicks receiving arginine-deficient diets

Cited by 47 publications

References 28 publications

From broiler breeder hen feed to the egg and embryo: The molecular effects of guanidinoacetate supplementation on creatine transport and synthesis

From broiler breeder hen feed to the egg and embryo: The molecular effects of guanidinoacetate supplementation on creatine transport and synthesis

Guanidinoacetic acid supplementation improves feed conversion in broilers subjected to heat stress associated with muscle creatine loading and arginine sparing

Combined effects of guanidinoacetic acid, coenzyme Q₁₀ and taurine on growth performance, gene expression and ascites mortality in broiler chickens

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Efficacy of guanidinoacetic acid on growth and muscle energy metabolism in broiler chicks receiving arginine-deficient diets

Cited by 47 publications

References 28 publications

From broiler breeder hen feed to the egg and embryo: The molecular effects of guanidinoacetate supplementation on creatine transport and synthesis

From broiler breeder hen feed to the egg and embryo: The molecular effects of guanidinoacetate supplementation on creatine transport and synthesis

Guanidinoacetic acid supplementation improves feed conversion in broilers subjected to heat stress associated with muscle creatine loading and arginine sparing

Combined effects of guanidinoacetic acid, coenzyme Q10 and taurine on growth performance, gene expression and ascites mortality in broiler chickens

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Combined effects of guanidinoacetic acid, coenzyme Q₁₀ and taurine on growth performance, gene expression and ascites mortality in broiler chickens