Efficacy of grain protectants against four psocid species on maize, rice and wheat

Abstract

Chlorpyriphos-methyl + deltamethrin and pirimiphos-methyl were the most effective insecticides for all species and commodities. Conversely, efficacy of spinosad or pyrethrum was highly dependent on the psocid species and commodity.

Efficacy of spinosad and methoprene, applied alone or in combination, against six stored-product insect species

“…Nayak et al (2005) evaluated spinosad against four psocid species, L. bostrychophila, L. decolor (Pearman), L. entomophila (Enderlein), and L. paeta Pearman on wheat, and found that 1 ppm was effective against L. entomophila, but not against the other species. Athanassiou et al (2009) reported mortality for L. entomophila after 14 days of exposure in wheat, rice, and maize treated with 1 ppm spinosad of 76, 46, and 76%, respectively. In the same study, the authors noted that complete mortality and progeny production suppression was achieved by the application of chlorpyriphos-methyl with deltamethrin.…”

“…This rate of 1 ppm will kill adults and limit progeny production of several major stored-grain insect pests, including R. dominica, Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae), and S. oryzae (Fang et al 2002a, b;Athanassiou et al 2008a, b, c;Kavallieratos et al 2010). However, 1 ppm spinosad will not completely control red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val, O. surinamensis, C. ferrugineus, or psocids such as Liposcelis bostrychophila (Badonnel) (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae), but will generally eliminate progeny production by these species (Fang et al 2002a, b;Athanassiou et al, 2008bAthanassiou et al, , 2009Daglish 2008).…”

Efficacy of alpha-cypermethrin and thiamethoxam against Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) and Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) on concrete

“…For example, Guedes et al (2008) noted that for the control of the psocids Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel and Liposcelis entomophila (Enderlein) (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) on concrete, natural pyrethrins were not effective. Moreover, pyrethrins were not able to control these two species, and also Liposcelis paeta Pearman (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) on maize, rice, and wheat, (Athanassiou et al, 2009). In a recent study, betacyfluthrin was not effective for the control of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), on concrete .…”

Overview of present and past and pest-associated risks in stored food and feed products: European perspective

“…New research has changed psocid pest status dramatically by revealing that psocids are able to damage both the germ and the endosperm of the infested grain kernels (Kucerova, 2002;Athanassiou et al, 2010;Gautam et al, 2013). Another reason for the increase in psocid numbers in grain stores is their tolerance to many insecticides (Nayak et al, 1998;Athanassiou et al, 2009). The changing frequency of various psocid species in stored grain in the Czech Republic is summarized in Fig.…”