Efficacy of Fungi in the Decolorization and Detoxification of Remazol Brilliant Blue Dye in Aquatic Environments

Abstract

Industrial effluents result in water pollution and affect the biological activity of aquatic and terrestrial life. In this study, efficient fungal strains were isolated from the aquatic environment and identified as Aspergillus fumigatus (SN8c) and Aspergillus terreus (SN40b). The isolates were selected based on their potential to efficiently decolorize and detoxify Remazol brilliant blue (RBB) dye, which is extensively used in different industries. Initially, a total of 70 different fungal isolates were screened. Among these, 19 isolates demonstrated dye decolorization capabilities, and SN8c and SN40b revealed the highest decolorization capabilities in liquid medium. The maximum estimated decolorization for SN8c was 91.3% and for SN40b, 84.5% at 40 mg/L of RBB dye in the presence of glucose (1 gm/L), after 5 days of incubation at different levels of pH, temperature, nutrient source, and concentration. RBB dye decolorization using SN8c and SN40b isolates was at a maximum of 99% at pH 3–5, whereas minimum decolorization was recorded as 71.29% and 73.4% SN8c, respectively, at pH 11. The maximum decolorization of the dye was 93% and 90.9% in a defined glucose concentration of 1 gm/L, and a 63.01% decrease was recorded in the decolorization activity at a low level of glucose concentration (0.2 gm/L). Finally, the decolorization and degradation were detected using UV spectrometry and HPLC. Toxicity tests of pure dye and treated dye samples were checked against the seed germination of different plants and the larvae mortality of Artemia salina. This study revealed that indigenous aquatic fungal flora can recover contaminated sites and support aquatic and terrestrial life.

Antibacterial and photo dye degradative ability of copper oxide nanoparticles from Pleurotus cystidiosus

“…The large surface area of nanoparticles has attracted a lot of interest recently as a potential method for degrading toxic dyes [16,17]. Recently, there has been a lot of research focused on the photocatalytic degradation of dyes using metallic nanoparticles [10,15,16]. The present study investigates, CuONPs biosynthesis by the water extract of Pleurotus cystidiosus and its biological activities such as antimicrobial and photocatalytic dye degradation activity.…”

“…RBBR is an anthraquinone dye extensively used in the textile dying industry. It has toxic effects on aquatic life and vegetation and is recalcitrant [15]. The textile and paper industries have adopted Congo red, an anionic di azo dye, for dyeing purposes [5].…”