Efficacy of fumagillin against haemorrhagic thelohanellosis caused by <i>Thelohanellus hovorkai</i> (Myxosporea: Myxozoa) in coloured carp, <i>Cyprinus carpio</i> L.

Yokoyama, Hiroshi; Liyanage, Yasoja S.; Sugai, Akinori; Wakabayashi, Hisatsugu

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2761.1999.00165.x

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Since the mid-1980s, many researchers have reported successful oral treatments with the fungal anti biotic, fumagillin (Molnar et al, 1987;Hedrick et al, 1988;Szekely et al, 1988;Wishkovsky et al, 1990;Yokoyama et al, 1990;El-Matbouli and Hoffmann, 1991 b; Sitja-Bobadilla and Alvarez-Pellitero, 1992; Rhee et al, 1993;Yokoyama et al, 1999;Wang et al, 2001) and its analog TNP-470 (Higgins and Kent, 1998) against many myxozoan diseases (Table 1), except for ceratomyxosis (Izbarra et al, 1990;Whipple et al, 2002). However, the toxicities of these drugs have lim ited their practical application for farmed fish (Wishkovsky et al, 1990).…”

Section: Chemotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review: Gaps in Our Knowledge on Myxozoan Parasites of Fishes

Yokoyama

2003

Fish Pathol.

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Section: Chemotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review: Gaps in Our Knowledge on Myxozoan Parasites of Fishes

Yokoyama

2003

Fish Pathol.

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“…Fumagillin (and its more recent analogs) are the only proven drugs for treating Microsporea and Myxosporea infections (Molnar et al 1987, Hedrick et al 1988, 1991, Higgings & Kent 1988, Kent & Dawe 1994, Speare et al 1999. This drug has proved effective against Myxidium giardi (Szekely et al 1988), Thelohanellus hovorkai and Sphaerospora renicola in common carp when administrated during the infective period (Molnár et al 1987, Yokoyama et al 1999) and (when early intracellular trophozoites and more developed plasmodia of Hoferellus carassi exist; Yokoyama et al 1990) against Myxobolus cerebralis and Tetracapsuloides bryosalmona in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (El-Matbouli & Hoffman 1991) and against the myxosporean Sphaerospora testicularis in sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax (SitjaBobadilla & Alvarez-Pellitero 1992). However, this drug has some toxic effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fumagillin (and its more recent analogs) are the only proven drugs for treating Microsporea and Myxosporea infections (Molnar et al 1987, Hedrick et al 1988, 1991, Higgings & Kent 1988, Kent & Dawe 1994, Speare et al 1999. This drug has proved effective against Myxidium giardi (Szekely et al 1988), Thelohanellus hovorkai and Sphaerospora renicola in common carp when administrated during the infective period (Molnár et al 1987, Yokoyama et al 1999 (Hedrick et al 1988). Sitja-Bobadilla & Alvarez-Pellitero (1992) found toxic side effects in sea bass, mainly consisting of a decrease in haemoglobin, haematocrit and red blood cell counts; however, these changes were not accompanied by histological anomalies and are considered reversible (Lauren et al 1989, Wishkovsky et al 1990, Hedrick et al 1991, Sovenyi 1992).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and toxicity of orally administrated anti-coccidial drugs for innovative treatments of Myxobolus sp. infection in Puntazzo puntazzo

Athanassopoulou

Karagouni²,

Dotsika³

et al. 2004

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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This study tested drugs and therapeutic compounds to determine effective commercial treatment for fishes infected with myxosporeans. Two series of shore-based experiments and 1 field trial were performed. For the shore-based experiments we used Puntazzo puntazzo (ca. 20 g weight) with kidneys infected with Myxobolus sp. Initially, 6 different doses of Fumagillin, 2 doses of Toltrazuril, and 1 dose of Amprolium, ESB3 and Salinomycin were tested. In the second shore-based experiment, infected fish were treated with Origanum essential oils, Toltrazuril with propylene glycol, Amprolium, and a combination of Salinomycin 12% + Amprolium (SA). In the field trial, P. puntazzo (ca. 165 g) infected with the parasite were treated with SA, Origanum essential oils and Fumagillin. In all trials, the drugs were added to the feed and administered according to the selected regimen. Their efficacy was evaluated in terms of mortality (acceptable level was < 3%), pathology and prevalence rate of Myxobolus sp. Lesions were observed only in fish treated with Fumagillin and Toltrazuril. Pathology due to treatment with Fumagillin was observed only at doses > 6 mg kg -1 body wt for 6 wk in the interstitial renal tissue, where slight inflammation arose. The highest dose tested (25 mg kg -1 ) also produced necrosis in the interstitial tissue, degeneration of the epithelial cells of the tubules and a reduction in melanomacrophage centre numbers. The SA combination proved the most effective treatment for Myxobolus sp. infection of P. puntazzo as (1) the therapeutic regimen and commercial product was not toxic and (2) a significant reduction occurred in the prevalence rate. KEY WORDS: Puntazzo puntazzo · Anti-myxosporean treatment · HistopathologyResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher Dis Aquat Org 62: [217][218][219][220][221][222][223][224][225][226] 2004 Athanassopoulou 1998a, Rigos et al. 2000, Athanassopoulou et al. 2003. Although researchers have made major advances in regard to antibiotic treatments, sensitivity and drug residues in tissues, progress in the field of antihelminthic treatment of warmwater fishes (such as sea bream and bass) is very limited. There are no licensed antiparasitic compounds for Mediterranean species or official minimal residue limits (MRLs) currently available and all information is extrapolated from coldwater species, especially salmonids. This can cause problems, as treatment conditions differ greatly in terms of environmental (temperature, pH, stability, toxicity to other aquatic animals) and individual (safety, metabolism, stress, residues) factors.The taxonomy, epidemiology and pathology of myxosporean parasites other than Myxidium leei infecting Puntazzo puntazzo have not been well studied, and few reports exist (Athanassopoulou et al. 1998, Mladineo 2003 making the identification very difficult. An unidentified Myxobolus species has been reported from the small intestine of annular sea bream Diplodus annularis in Croatia (Mladineo 2003) in low nu...

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“…In 1996, 1 and 2 yr old coloured carp were kept for a field trial of the fumagillin treatment. In this year, haemorrhagic thelohanellosis occurred again and the prevalence of infection with T. hovorkai reached 100% (Yokoyama et al 1999). From 1997 to 1999, 0 yr carp fry were stocked in the pond to monitor the parasite.…”

Section: Substrate Type Oligochaete Density and Actinosporean Infectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The antibiotic fumagillin has been described as an efficacious chemotherapeutant against myxozoan diseases, including haemorrhagic thelohanellosis (Yokoyama et al 1999). However, to date, fumagillin treatment has not been practiced in aquaculture as there are unresolved problems with toxic side-effects to host fish, and the withdrawal time of the drug.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a vector-control strategy of haemorrhagic thelohanellosis in carp, caused by Thelohanellus hovorkai (Myxozoa)

Liyanage¹,

Yokoyama²,

Wakabayashi³

2003

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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The life cycle of Thelohanellus hovorkai (Myxozoa), the causative agent of haemorrhagic thelohanellosis of carp Cyprinus carpio, involves the alternate oligochaete host Branchiura sowerbyi, which plays the role of vector in the parasite's transmission. Field investigations in carp farms suggested that oligochaete fauna were closely associated with the substrate type of the pond. The pond bottom in the enzootic farm consisted of clay soil and soft sediments comprised of organic mud, in which B. sowerbyi dominated in high densities, with a maximum of 5.6 ind. kg -1 soil. In another case, in a carp farm with no previous history of the disease, the pond bottom was sandy soil, in which small-sized oligochaetes, composed mainly of Limnodrilus socialis, dominated. Laboratory studies on the substrate preference of oligochaetes proved that B. sowerbyi prefers mud to sand, whereas L. socialis has no tendency to substrate tropism. The delicate body surface of B. sowerbyi was subject to damage by rugged-edged sand particles, which inflicted severe injuries to the worms. Transmission experiments showed that L. socialis, which are non-susceptible to T. hovorkai, suppressed the production of T. hovorkai actinospores in B. sowerbyi in a mixed assemblage of oligochaetes. Field and experimental evidence in this study imply that substrate replacement in culture ponds might regulate the benthic oligochaete communities, resulting in minimization of the impact of haemorrhagic thelohanellosis. We propose that ecological control of oligochaete fauna by environmental management is a promising strategy against myxozoan diseases.

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Efficacy of fumagillin against haemorrhagic thelohanellosis caused by Thelohanellus hovorkai (Myxosporea: Myxozoa) in coloured carp, Cyprinus carpio L.

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

A Review: Gaps in Our Knowledge on Myxozoan Parasites of Fishes

A Review: Gaps in Our Knowledge on Myxozoan Parasites of Fishes

Efficacy and toxicity of orally administrated anti-coccidial drugs for innovative treatments of Myxobolus sp. infection in Puntazzo puntazzo

Evaluation of a vector-control strategy of haemorrhagic thelohanellosis in carp, caused by Thelohanellus hovorkai (Myxozoa)

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