Efficacy of Clade 2.3.2 H5-Recombinant Baculovirus Vaccine in Protecting Muscovy and Pekin Ducks from Clade 2.3.4.4 H5N8 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Infection

Sultan, Hesham; Arafa, Abdel-Satar; Talaat, Shaimaa; Gaballa, Alaa Abd-El Raik; Kilany, Walid H.; Elfeil, Wael K.; Shehata, Awad A.; Amarin, Nadim Mukhles

doi:10.1637/11880-042718.1

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Tissue samples (trachea, cecal tonsils, brain, thymus, and spleen) were fixed in 10% buffered formalin for about 15 to 20 days, processed for histology by routine procedures, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) [33]. An ordinal scoring system for the lesions of infected tissues was obtained according to the progression of severity; lesions were scored as 1 = negative, 2 = mild, 3 = moderate, 4 = severe, and 5 = very severe [34]. Five random optical fields were examined and scored, and then the mean of the five fields was calculated.…”

Section: Histopathological Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of the Newcastle Disease Virus Genotype VII.1.1-Matched Vaccines in Commercial Broilers

Sultan

Elfeil

Nour³

et al. 2021

Vaccines

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Class II genotype VII Newcastle disease viruses (NDV) are predominant in the Middle East and Asia despite intensive vaccination programs using conventional live and inactivated NDV vaccines. In this study, the protective efficacies of three commercial vaccine regimes involving genotype II NDV, recombinant genotype VII NDV-matched, and an autogenous velogenic NDV genotype VII vaccine were evaluated against challenge with velogenic NDV genotype VII (accession number MG029120). Three vaccination regimes were applied as follows: group-1 received inactivated genotype II, group-2 received inactivated recombinant genotype VII NDV-matched, and group-3 received velogenic inactivated autogenous NDV genotype VII vaccines given on day 7; for the live vaccine doses, each group received the same live genotype II vaccine. The birds in all of the groups were challenged with NDV genotype VII, which was applied on day 28. Protection by the three regimes was evaluated after infection based on mortality rate, clinical signs, gross lesions, virus shedding, seroconversion, and microscopic changes. The results showed that these three vaccination regimes partially protected commercial broilers (73%, 86%, 97%, respectively, vs. 8.6% in non-vaccinated challenged and 0% in non-vaccinated non-challenged birds) against mortality at 10 days post-challenge (dpc). Using inactivated vaccines significantly reduced the virus shedding at the level of the number of shedders and the amount of virus that was shed in all vaccinated groups (G1-3) compared to in the non-vaccinated group (G-4). In conclusion, using closely genotype-matched vaccines (NDV-GVII) provided higher protection than using vaccines that were not closely genotype-matched and non-genotype-matched. The vaccine seeds that were closely related to genotype VII.1.1 provided higher protection against challenge against this genotype since it circulates in the Middle East region. Updating vaccine seeds with recent and closely related isolates provides higher protection.

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Section: Histopathological Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of the Newcastle Disease Virus Genotype VII.1.1-Matched Vaccines in Commercial Broilers

Sultan

Elfeil

Nour³

et al. 2021

Vaccines

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“…These waste products have lower nutritional value rather than meat (Gaafar, 2017). In addition to increased rate of adulteration with chicken mean, this may be associated with the poultry pathogen epidemiological situation in Egypt in the recent five years and emerging of new pathogens or new variant from old endemic pathogens which associated with increase mortalities in poultry farms either due to viral pathogen like infectious bronchitis, avian influenza, Newcastle virus (Ayoub et al, 2019;Diab et al, 2019;Elhady et al, 2018;Fawzy et al, 2019;Sedeik et al, 2018;Sultan et al, 2019a;2019b) or bacterial pathogen like Pasteurella, E. coli and clostridium or parasite like coccidia (Eid et al, 2016;Elfeil et al, 2012;Enany et al, 2018)., They may also be contaminated with food borne pathogens. Therefore, the probable presence of these pathogens due to insufficient cooking temperature in final products poses a potential health risk for consumers (Mehdizadeh et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Commercial Fraud in Processed Meat Products Using Rapid Techniques

Ahmed¹,

Ismail²,

Abouelmaatti³

et al. 2020

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology

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Meat adulteration with different species has become a considerable problem worldwide. It means that meat products contain undeclared meat species; so, the meat ingredients are not consistent with the label. It has direct impact on public health, religious faith, fair-trades and food safety standers. This study focused on species adulteration detection in meat products by applying accurate, slandered and fast techniques. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique and Raw Meat FlowThrough TM Test were performed as fast techniques. Thirty samples of beef meat products (10 each of hawawshi, sausage and burger) were subjected to analysis by PCR technique using specific primers sets for equine, chicken and pig species on samples' Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA). The adulteration rates with equine were 10%, 10% and 30% in hawawshi, sausage and beef burger samples, respectively. The adulteration rates with chicken were 80%, 50% and 100% in hawawshi, sausages and beef burger samples, respectively. While none of the examined samples was contaminated with pork. Results showed that 80% of all examined samples contained undeclared meat species. Out of the adulterated samples examined by PCR technique, eight samples were reanalyzed by the onsite Raw Meat FlowThrough TM Test which had taken only about 12 minutes to be performed. It was an on-site test for qualitative determination of species by visual inspection. The results confirmed those obtained by PCR technique by 100% in case of detection of poultry species. While in case of detection of adulteration by equine species, the FlowThrough TM Test gave negative results which indicated that it had the ability to detect horse specie only but could not detect other equine species as donkey and mule. This study suggests that these methods of detection can be applied by quality control laboratories and inspection services for fast and rapid determination of adulteration with poultry products in different meat products, but the FlowThrough TM Test is horse specific inside the equine species and this could be limitation to the test needs to improve it or beneficial points to differentiate between horse and donkey meat adulation combining with other methods.

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“…Poultry industry suffer from several pathogen threats in Egypt either bacterial like Salmonella, Pasteurella, Clostridium or viral types like Avian influenza virus (AIV), Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV), Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) or parasitic as coccidia and it associated with severe economic on the industry and human public heath impact (Algammal and Elfeil, 2015;Ayoub et al, 2019;Diab et al, 2019;Eid et al, 2016;Elhady et al, 2018;Sedeik et al, 2018;Sultan et al, 2019a;2019b). Salmonella consider one of the major bacterial threats affect poultry industry and associated with severe economic losses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Genotypic Analysis and Antibiotic Resistance of Salmonella Species Isolated from Imported and Freshly Slaughtered Chicken

Elfeil¹,

Ezzat²,

Fathi³

et al. 2020

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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Salmonellosis is a bacterial disease caused by different types of Salmonella species and associated with clinical disease in both human, birds and livestock species. Salmonellosis associated with severe economic impacts either from losses in poultry farm due to pathological picture losses, cost of medication, condemnation in slaughterhouse or zoonotic important. This study focused on the prevalence of Salmonellae in imported frozen and freshly slaughtered chicken in Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. A total of 273 samples were collected from 66 examined birds (24 from Balady chickens "Native Bred", 23 from Broiler chicken and 19 from frozen chicken). Nineteen out of 66 chickens (6.95%) Salmonella species were isolated, representing: 10 from Balady (native bred) chicken (8.3%), eight from broiler chicken (7%) and one from imported frozen chicken (2.61%). The serotyping of the Salmonellae isolated from chickens as follow (5) (26.3%) S. typhimurium, (5) (26.3%) S. kentucky, (3) (15.8%) S. infantis (2) (10.5%) S. enteritidis, (2) (10.5%) S. tamale, (2) (10.5%) S. newport. PCR assay was carried out on nine serovars (2) S. enteritidis, (2) S. typhimurium, (2) S. kentucky, (1) S. infantis, (1) S. tamale, (1) S. newport detect the presence of InvA (invasion protein InvA), blaTEM (beta-lactamase TEM). aacC (Aminoglycoside N (3)-acetyltransferase IV), qepA (Quinolone efflux pump), tetA(A) (Tetracycline resistance protein, class D) and sul1(Dihydropteroate synthase type-1) genes, the percentage respectively was 100%, 100%, 33.3, 33.3%, 88.89%, 77.78% in examined Salmonella strains. The susceptibility of Salmonella serovars to chemotherapeutic agents showed high sensitivity to levofloxacin and gentamycin, but the highest resistance was to sulfamethoxazole. The increased prevalence rate of Salmonella species isolation from chicken and chicken meat carrying Multidrug Resistance (MDR) genes for commonly used antimicrobial agents, consider a critical threat for public health issues. Further studies are required to understand Salmonella spp epidemiology and to limit the spread of multidrug-resistant types.

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Efficacy of Clade 2.3.2 H5-Recombinant Baculovirus Vaccine in Protecting Muscovy and Pekin Ducks from Clade 2.3.4.4 H5N8 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Infection

Cited by 13 publications

References 46 publications

Efficacy of the Newcastle Disease Virus Genotype VII.1.1-Matched Vaccines in Commercial Broilers

Efficacy of the Newcastle Disease Virus Genotype VII.1.1-Matched Vaccines in Commercial Broilers

Detection of Commercial Fraud in Processed Meat Products Using Rapid Techniques

Prevalence and Genotypic Analysis and Antibiotic Resistance of Salmonella Species Isolated from Imported and Freshly Slaughtered Chicken

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