Efficacy of Cisplatin-loaded polybutyl cyanoacrylate nanoparticles on the glioblastoma

Abstract

Glioblastoma is known as one of the most aggressive human cancers. To gain access of the brain, therapeutic agents must overcome blood-brain barrier (BBB). In this study, Cisplatin (Cispt)-loaded polybutylcyanoacrylate (PBCA) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared through miniemulsion polymerization technique. They were coated with polysorbate 80 to cross the BBB of glioblastoma-bearing rats. Prepared NPs were characterized with respect to their size, size distribution, zeta potential, drug loading and encapsulation efficiency, cytotoxicity effects, drug release, and stability pattern. Size and zeta potential of nanodrug were found to be 489 nm and -20 mV, while drug loading and encapsulation efficiency were determined to be 5% and 25%, respectively. Release studies demonstrated high retention capability of nanodrug in that 3.18% of Cispt was released from NPs in a period of 51 h. NPs presented acceptable stability after 2 months and lyophilization. Mean survival time in nanodrug receivers was 19.6 days, while it was 17.5 days for free drug receivers. Histological studies demonstrated efficacy of PBCA NPs in reducing side effects. Finally, such preparation can be considered as a promising nanocarrier for other types of tumor.

Enhanced Efficacy of PEGylated Liposomal Cisplatin: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation

“…As Figure 6 shows, the cytotoxicity effects of PLCispt were not significantly changed (p > 0.05), and the formulation preserved the stability and cytotoxicity effects of Cispt (IC 50 of 16 ± 0.8 and 15 ± 0.7 µM after 24 and 48 h incubation, respectively, at the production time; and IC 50 of 16.5 ± 0.8 and 15.3 ± 0.7 µM from 24 and 48 h incubation, respectively, after 2 months). Therefore, PEGylated liposomes can be considered as a competent carrier to preserve Cispt stability, and as a result, its anticancer effect [39]. Also, the size, size distribution, and zeta potential of PLCispt were measured two months after its preparation, and the results showed that these values were not significantly (p > 0.05) changed compared to those results evaluated at the production time ( Table 2).…”

“…In the present study, the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) method was used to evaluate the chemical structure of Cispt. The results showed that: (i) a strong peak related to Pt-NH 3 was obtained at 463 cm −1 ; (ii) two peaks related to Pt-Cl bond were provided at 338 cm −1 and 362 cm −1 ; and (iii) a series peaks related to NH 3 was provided at 1290 cm −1 , 1550 cm −1 , 1680 cm −1 , 3300 cm −1 , and 3500 cm −1 [39,40]. As Figure 3 shows, the chemical bonds of Cispt were preserved after being loaded into liposomes (i.e., Cispt was physically loaded into the liposomes).…”

Preparation, Characterization, and Evaluation of Cisplatin-Loaded Polybutylcyanoacrylate Nanoparticles with Improved In Vitro and In Vivo Anticancer Activities

“…According to the results of the FTIR spectrum (Figure 3), the symmetric amine bending mode at 1290 cm −1 and the characteristic amine stretching mode at 3280 and 3200 cm −1 frequency regions appeared. According to these findings, which correspond to the FTIR spectrum of cisplatin [26,47], cisplatin remained intact in PBCA nanoparticles, i.e., cisplatin was loaded into the nanoparticles physically without forming any chemical bonds. To evaluate the chemical structure of cisplatin and determine if it preserves its chemical structure, cisplatin-loaded PBCA nanoparticles were investigated using the Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum.…”

“…Among various kinds of polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles, such as polymethyl, polyethyl, polypropyl, and polybutyl, PBCA has been commonly used for drug delivery, owning to its ability to interact with the different types of drugs [25]. Also, in cancer therapy, various studies have shown that PBCA nanoparticles are excellent carrier colloids for chemotherapeutic agents as they enhance the therapeutic effects of chemotherapeutics and reduce their side effects [9,[26][27][28][29]. In the current study, honey and olive oil were used for stabilizing the nanoparticles.…”

“…PBCA nanoparticles were prepared using miniemulsion polymerization technique [26]. For this purpose, 250 µL of BCA monomer was added dropwise into a mixture of HCl (125 µL, 0.01 N), olive oil (62.5 µL, peroxide value 3.7 mEq O 2 kg −1 of oil, acidity value 2.8% oleic acid, and iodine value 86.4 cg I2 g −1 ; Faraz Rahbar Saba Co. Tehran, Iran), honey (125 mg, pH: 4.1, moisture content of 25%; Honey Company Naseri, Shiraz, Iran), and PEG400 (125 µL).…”