Efficacy of ceftiofur hydrochloride sterile suspension administered parenterally for the treatment of acute postpartum metritis in dairy cows

Chenault, J.R.; McAllister, Joseph F.; Chester, S. Theodore; Dame, Kenneth J.; Kausche, Fabian M.; Robb, Edward J.

doi:10.2460/javma.2004.224.1634

Cited by 113 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…At present systemic treatment using ceftiofur is preferable for the treatment of puerperal metritis (Drillich et al, 2001(Drillich et al, , 2003Zhou et al, 2001;Risco and Hernandez, 2003;Chenault et al, 2004). Nevertheless, comparable cure rates and reproductive performances were found in cows with puerperal metritis treated with ceftiofur compared to affected cows treated by the intrauterine administration of ampicillin or ampicillin with oxacillin (Beetz, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic clinical examination of early postpartum cows and treatment of puerperal metritis did not have any beneficial effect on subsequent reproductive performance

Doležel¹,

Vecera²,

Palenik³

et al. 2008

Vet. Med. - Czech

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The objective of this field trial was to evaluate the impact of a control program based on systematic clinical examination on Day 10 ± 3 post partum (pp) and treatment in the case of puerperal metritis on reproductive performance in dairy cows. Cows having serious dystocia as well as cows treated for retained placenta were not involved in the trial. The evaluation was performed by comparing reproductive performance between systematically examined cows (Group E, n = 83) and cows that were examined and treated occasionally on the basis of farmers’ notifications of a pathological condition (Group C, n = 95). In Group E, reproductive performance was compared between cows with a mild form of metritis (Group E1, n = 18), cows with a severe form of metritis (Group E2, n = 14) and cows without puerperal metritis (Group E0, n = 51). Clinical examination consisted in rectal and vaginal palpation with inspection of the lochia manually withdrawn from the vagina. Cows with puerperal metritis were treated with an intramuscular administration of PGF2α analogue – dinoprost. An intrauterine antibiotic (rifaximin foam) was added in cases of severe metritis. The examination and treatment (in cases of a pathological condition, n = 10) were repeated in Group E on Day 24 ± 3 pp. In addition, the incidence of puerperal metritis in the year seasons was evaluated. Occurrence of ovarian disorders (30.1 vs. 24.2%) and clinical endometritis (27.7 vs. 23.2%), calving to first service interval (83.2 vs. 85.4 days), pregnancy until Day 100 pp (30.8 vs. 35.3%) as well as until Day 150 pp (64.6 vs. 64.7%), services per conception (2.45 vs. 2.16), calving to conception interval (141.6 vs. 136.4 days), total culling rate (20.5 vs. 28.4%) and culling rate due to (sub)infertility (8.4 vs. 6.3) in Group E compared to Group C were not different. Only the first service pregnancy rate was lower in Group E (30.3 vs. 47.1%, P < 0.05). Even though no significant differences were found in the reproduction parameters between groups E1, E2 and E0, the worst parameters were in Group E2. The incidence of puerperal metritis in the year seasons was not different. The trial did not prove that there was a beneficial effect of systematic clinical examination on Day 10 ± 3 pp nor of treatment in cases of puerperal metritis, using PGF2α and intrauterine antibiotic, on reproductive performance in dairy cows.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic clinical examination of early postpartum cows and treatment of puerperal metritis did not have any beneficial effect on subsequent reproductive performance

Doležel¹,

Vecera²,

Palenik³

et al. 2008

Vet. Med. - Czech

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“…Recent studies have shown conflicting results on the efficacy of a single dose of long-acting ceftiofur (crystalline fee acid) to reduce the incidence of metritis in cows with risk factors at calving McLaughlin et al, 2013). There are data to support treatment of cows with metritis with ceftiofur or penicillin (LeBlanc, 2008;McLaughlin et al, 2012), but clinical cure is only around 75% to 80% over 10 to 14 days as compared with 62% in untreated cases (Chenault et al, 2004). The impacts of treatment for metritis on subsequent health and reproductive performance are unclear and studies with longer follow-up are needed.…”

Section: Metritismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concentrations of drug are not maintained consistently above the target levels in the uterus in cows with metritis (von Krueger et al, 2013). Spontaneous clinical resolution occurs in some cases (Chenault et al, 2004;McLaughlin et al, 2012) and preliminary data suggest that delay of a few days in the onset of treatment of metritis -a 'wait-and-see' approach to allow for spontaneous resolution in perhaps 20% of cases -is worth testing in larger randomized clinical trials.…”

Section: Metritismentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive tract inflammatory disease in postpartum dairy cows

LeBlanc

2014

Animal

120

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Up to half of dairy cows are affected by at least one of metritis, purulent vaginal discharge, endometritis or cervicitis in the postpartum period. These conditions result from inadequate immune response to bacterial infection (failure to clear pathogenic bacteria from the uterus) or persistent inflammation that impairs rather than enhances reproductive function. The degree of mobilization of fat and how effectively it is used as a metabolic fuel is well recognized as a risk factor for metabolic and infectious disease. Release of non-esterified fatty acids has direct effects on liver and immune function but also produces pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6), which contribute to systemic inflammation and to insulin resistance. Therefore, reproductive tract inflammatory disease may be a function of both local and systemic inflammatory stimuli and regulation as well as regulation of fat metabolism. Better understanding of variables associated with insulin resistance and inflammatory regulation in the liver and adipose tissue may lead to improvement of reproductive tract health. This paper reviews factors that may contribute to postpartum reproductive tract inflammatory diseases in dairy cows and their inter-relationships, impacts and treatment.

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“…But limits of increased temperatures which are useful for diagnosis of puerperal metritis are not unified. Temperatures of 39.2°C (Smith et al, 1998), 39.5°C (Drillich et al, 2001;Chenault et al, 2004) or 39.7°C (Overton et al, 2003) were described. Because a body temperature of 39.0°C is generally considered to be the maximum value for a physiological condition in cows, temperatures above this value were considered as pathological in our trial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, measurement of body temperature has been considered a useful method in systemic diagnosis of metritis in early postpartum cows as the disease is often accompanied by fever (Kristula et al, 2001;Zhou et al, 2001;Overton et al, 2003;Benzaquen et al, 2004;Chenault et al, 2004). In spite of introducing body temperature measurement to the monitoring system in dairy herds, there is lack of data proving the contribution of temperature measurement to the diagnosis of puerperal metritis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of rectal temperature in diagnosis of puerperal metritis in dairy cows

Palenik¹,

Doležel²,

Kratochvil³

et al. 2009

Vet. Med. - Czech

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AbstrAct:The objective of this field trial was to evaluate the body temperature within the interval of 10 days post partum in cows with puerperal metritis, as confirmed by a clinical examination, in comparison with cows without clinical symptoms of this disease. In addition, the body temperature in cows having a purulent and putrid character of lochia was compared. Rectal temperature was measured daily in 92 randomly selected cows. The cows were examined clinically on day 10 ± 3 post partum and were divided according to the character of lochia into Group M1 (purulent lochia, n = 29), Group M2 (putrid lochia, n = 28) and Group C (normal lochia, n = 35). The number of cows with a fever (temperature > 39.0°C or > 39.5°C) at least once during 10 days post partum was higher in Groups M1 and M2 compared to Group C (86.2% and 92.9% vs. 54.3%, P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, or 41.4% and 71.4% vs. 14.3%, P < 0.05 and P < 0.001). In addition, there was a higher number of cows with a temperature > 39.5°C in Group M2 in comparison with Group M1 (P < 0.05). More cows showed consistent temperatures > 39.0°C for three days or > 39.5°C for two days in Group M2 compared to Group C (42.9% vs. 8.6%, P < 0.01 or 25.0% vs. 2.9%, P < 0.05). Average daily temperatures were higher in Group M2 compared to Group C on Days 1, 3, 5 and 7 (P < 0.05) as well as on Days 2 and 6 (P < 0.01) post partum. The results reveal the following: higher incidence of body temperature > 39.0°C in cows with puerperal metritis; risk period for fever from Day 3 to Day 7 post partum; higher incidence of fever in cows with putrid lochia compared to cows with purulent lochia; body temperature > 39.5°C being a more accurate indicator of puerperal metritis than temperature > 39.0°C. Despite that, the occurrence of fever was irregular. In conclusion, measurement of body temperature does not represent a sufficiently accurate diagnostic method for puerperal metritis although it may be considered a useful indicator for assessment of the severity of the disease.

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Efficacy of ceftiofur hydrochloride sterile suspension administered parenterally for the treatment of acute postpartum metritis in dairy cows

Abstract: Ceftiofur hydrochloride administered at a dosage of 2.2 mg of CE/kg, SC or IM, once daily for 5 days was efficacious for treatment of APM in dairy cows.

Cited by 113 publications

References 9 publications

Systematic clinical examination of early postpartum cows and treatment of puerperal metritis did not have any beneficial effect on subsequent reproductive performance

Systematic clinical examination of early postpartum cows and treatment of puerperal metritis did not have any beneficial effect on subsequent reproductive performance

Reproductive tract inflammatory disease in postpartum dairy cows

Evaluation of rectal temperature in diagnosis of puerperal metritis in dairy cows

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