Efficacy of Broadline® in cats against induced infections with developing fourth-stage larval and adult Ancylostoma ceylanicum hookworms

Knaus, Martin; Taweethavonsawat, Piyanan; Cheesman, Tara; Visser, Martin; Rehbein, Steffen

doi:10.1016/j.vpoa.2020.100025

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Second, diagnosis and geographical mapping relies on molecular PCR methods which are more costly and resource-intensive than traditional parasitological methods. Third, although topical (spot-on) anthelminthic formulations—which would be a highly practicable mode of treatment—are highly efficacious ( 19 – 21 ), they are also expensive, intended for the commercial market of pet owners. Hence, the implementation of MDA in impoverished communities would require low-cost procurement or donation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such an approach would likely involve expansion of mass drug administration (MDA) to domestic and stray cat and dog populations in settings where A. ceylanicum is endemic ( 15 ), similar to proposals to tackle zoonotic schistosomiasis in Africa by treating livestock ( 16 , 17 ) and the existing strategy in China where animals are recognized as key to eliminating Schistosoma japonicum ( 18 ). Although there exist a number of highly efficacious treatment options for hookworm in cats and dogs—including “spot-on” topical treatments ( 19 – 21 )—there is currently no empirical evidence on the likely effectiveness of a One Health approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling the effectiveness of One Health interventions against the zoonotic hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum

Walker

Lambert²,

Neves³

et al. 2023

Front. Med.

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Hookworm disease is a major global public health concern, annually affecting 500–700 million of the world's poorest people. The World Health Organization is targeting the elimination of hookworm as a public health problem by 2030 using a strategy of mass drug administration (MDA) to at-risk human populations. However, in Southeast Asia and the Pacific the zoonotic hookworm species, Ancylostoma ceylanicum, is endemic in dogs and commonly infects people. This presents a potential impediment to the effectiveness of MDA that targets only humans. Here, we develop a novel multi-host (dog and human) transmission model of A. ceylanicum and compare the effectiveness of human-only and “One Health” (human plus dog) MDA strategies under a range of eco-epidemiological assumptions. We show that One Health interventions—targeting both dogs and humans—could suppress prevalence in humans to ≤ 1% by the end of 2030, even with only modest coverage (25–50%) of the animal reservoir. With increasing coverage, One Health interventions may even interrupt transmission. We discuss key unresolved questions on the eco-epidemiology of A. ceylanicum, the challenges of delivering MDA to animal reservoirs, and the growing importance of One Health interventions to human public health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the effectiveness of One Health interventions against the zoonotic hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum

Walker

Lambert²,

Neves³

et al. 2023

Front. Med.

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“…In addition, deworming programs should be implemented for stray dogs and cats to reduce parasite burden in the environment. Topical treatment with selamectin as well as combinations of eprinomectin, fipronil, (S)-methoprene, and praziquantel have been reported effective against A. ceylanicum infection in cats (Knaus et al, 2020;Taweethavonsawat et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Topical treatment with selamectin as well as combinations of eprinomectin, fipronil, (S)‐methoprene, and praziquantel have been reported effective against A . ceylanicum infection in cats (Knaus et al., 2020; Taweethavonsawat et al., 2019). The Tropical Council for Companion Animal Parasites (TroCCAP) recommends that kittens should be treated against hookworms starting at 2 weeks of age and then every 2 weeks until they reach at least 10 weeks old.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insight into genetic diversity of zoonotic‐potential Ancylostoma ceylanicum in stray cats living in Bangkok, Thailand, based on deep amplicon sequencing

Jitsamai,

Kamkong,

Traub

et al. 2023

Zoonoses and Public Health

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AimsThis study aimed to characterize feline hookworms from stray cats living in Bangkok.Methods and ResultsA total of 56 hookworm‐positive faecal samples were identified for hookworm species by using PCR targeting the ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2 fragment and qPCR targeting ITS2. Of 56 samples, 96.4% (54/56) were identified as Ancylostoma ceylanicum and 1.8% (1/56) as Ancylostoma caninum. With qPCR, 89.3% (50/56) were identified as single A. ceylanicum infection and 5.4% (3/56) as coinfection of A. ceylanicum and A. caninum. For genetic characterization of A. ceylanicum, 10 samples were pooled, and the partial COI gene was amplified, followed by deep amplicon sequencing. Five pooled samples were analysed, and 99.73% were identified with A. ceylanicum sequences, which were allocated into 19 haplotypes (AC01‐AC19). Genetic diversity findings for A. ceylanicum in Asia revealed that three of eight haplotypes considered of zoonotic significance occurred in humans, dogs, and cats, including haplotypes H01, H20, and H21. The predominant haplotype in this study, AC01, was clustered with H01‐a zoonotic haplotype.ConclusionsThe diversity obtained by deep amplicon sequencing supported that the A. ceylanicum community had high genetic variation. Deep amplicon sequencing was a useful method to determine source, zoonotic potential, and host–parasite relationship.

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“…Zoonotic transmission therefore needs to be addressed through One Health strategies. Canine and feline population control through desexing programs and treating community dogs and cats with macrocyclic lactone based anthelmintics have been proposed as potentially effective control measures [ 6 , 37 ]. Another barrier is the limited efficacy of albendazole against both Strongyloides spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using quantitative PCR to identify opportunities to strengthen soil-transmitted helminth control in Solomon Islands: A cross-sectional epidemiological survey

Clarke

Hii

et al. 2022

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Background The Kato-Katz microscopy technique is the global standard for assessment of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) burden. However, major limitations include its poor sensitivity, requirement for rapid sample processing, and inability to differentiate hookworm species nor detect Strongyloides spp. infections. We assessed the prevalence and intensity of STH species in Solomon Islands by conducting a province-wide survey using quantitative PCR (qPCR) for diagnosis, which can provide much better characterisation of STH burden than microscopy. Methodology/Principal findings We conducted a cross-sectional survey in 18 villages in Western Province to detect infections with six STH species and quantify intensity with three. We used linear mixed model regression to identify potential water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) and environmental risk factors for infection. We collected stool specimens from 830 village residents. Overall STH prevalence was 63.3% (range 27.5 to 91.5% across villages), led by Necator americanus (54.5% [range 17.5–89.4%]), followed by Ancylostoma ceylanicum (15.5% [range 2.8–45.8%]), Trichuris trichiura (9.1% [range 0–79.2%]), and Strongyloides spp. (3.2% [range 0–29.2%]). Most infections were of light intensity for N. americanus (85.7%) and T. trichiura (90.7%). Owning a household latrine was associated with a lower risk of N. americanus infection (AOR 0.41, 95% CI 0.24–0.68) while greater precipitation was linked to more common T. trichiura infection (AOR 1.14, 95% CI 1.04–1.25). Conclusion/Significance In this first large-scale population survey of STH in the Pacific using qPCR, we found evidence that ivermectin should be incorporated into STH control programmes because of the presence of T. trichiura and Strongyloides spp., both of which are poorly responsive to albendazole. Furthermore, One Health strategies are needed for improved A. ceylanicum and Strongyloides spp. control, WASH access and use should be improved to complement deworming programmes, and control efforts should ideally be expanded to entire communities. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12618001086257.

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Efficacy of Broadline® in cats against induced infections with developing fourth-stage larval and adult Ancylostoma ceylanicum hookworms

Abstract: Highlights Broadline® is highly effective against developing and adult A. ceylanicum hookworms in cats. Treatment reduces the risk of transmission to other animals and zoonotic risk to humans.

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Modeling the effectiveness of One Health interventions against the zoonotic hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum

Modeling the effectiveness of One Health interventions against the zoonotic hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum

New insight into genetic diversity of zoonotic‐potential Ancylostoma ceylanicum in stray cats living in Bangkok, Thailand, based on deep amplicon sequencing

Using quantitative PCR to identify opportunities to strengthen soil-transmitted helminth control in Solomon Islands: A cross-sectional epidemiological survey

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