Efficacy of Biodegradable Curcumin Nanoparticles in Delaying Cataract in Diabetic Rat Model

Abstract

Curcumin, the active principle present in the yellow spice turmeric, has been shown to exhibit various pharmacological actions such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anti-carcinogenic activities. Previously we have reported that dietary curcumin delays diabetes-induced cataract in rats. However, low peroral bioavailability is a major limiting factor for the success of clinical utilization of curcumin. In this study, we have administered curcumin encapsulated nanoparticles in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic cataract model. Oral administration of 2 mg/day nanocurcumin was significantly more effective than curcumin in delaying diabetic cataracts in rats. The significant delay in progression of diabetic cataract by nanocurcumin is attributed to its ability to intervene the biochemical pathways of disease progression such as protein insolubilization, polyol pathway, protein glycation, crystallin distribution and oxidative stress. The enhanced performance of nanocurcumin can be attributed probably to its improved oral bioavailability. Together, the results of the present study demonstrate the potential of nanocurcumin in managing diabetic cataract.

Curcumin as potential therapeutic natural product: a nanobiotechnological perspective

“…The GSH molecule being an important antioxidant molecule leads to increased oxidative stress during hyperglycaemia conditions which leads to the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy (Figure ) . In this context, Grama et al . accounted that biodegradable curcumin nanoparticles can more effectively inhibit the aldose reductase (AR) activity with reduced sorbitol level compared with normal curcumin, thereby delaying cataract in diabetic rat model.…”

“…In this context, Grama et al . accounted that biodegradable curcumin nanoparticles can more effectively inhibit the aldose reductase (AR) activity with reduced sorbitol level compared with normal curcumin, thereby delaying cataract in diabetic rat model. Joshi et al .…”

“…[66] The GSH molecule being an important antioxidant molecule leads to increased oxidative stress during hyperglycaemia conditions which leads to the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy (Figure 3). [67] In this context, Grama et al [68] accounted that biodegradable curcumin nanoparticles can more effectively inhibit the aldose reductase (AR) activity with reduced sorbitol level compared with normal curcumin, thereby delaying cataract in diabetic rat model [68] . Joshi et al [69] prepared and characterized a self nano-emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) curcumin formulation to address its poor bioavailability issue and found that the nano-based formulation has higher efficiency to cure diabetic neuropathy due to improved bioavailability.…”

Human age-related cataracts: Epigenetic suppression of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-mediated antioxidant system

“…This leads to the transcription of ~200 protective genes, including numerous antioxidant-associated enzymatic genes (4,5). Previous studies have investigated the antioxidant components sulforaphane, curcumin and acetyl-L-carnitine for the prevention of cataracts (6)(7)(8)(9). However, the molecular mechanism underlying the failure of the antioxidant system in human lenses remains to be elucidated.…”

Phytobioactive compound-based nanodelivery systems for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus – current status

“…[137][138][139][140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150] Curcumin-loaded PLGA NPs were constructed with a particle size of 281 nm, and these have shown a higher bioavailability through oral delivery in the diabetic rat model, delaying cataracts. 151 The self-nanoemulsifying curcumin delivery system was developed, has a particle size of ~213 nm, and has shown improved protection of diabetic neuropathy through oral delivery systems in male Sprague Dawley rats. 152 Several other nanodelivery systems have shown a higher bioavailability for curcumin, delaying …”