Efficacy of Bacterial Photodynamic Inactivation with Varying Angle and Time of LED Exposure

Abstract

Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is a bacterium that plays a major role in the occurrence of dental caries. Dental caries is a disease that destroys tooth structure, consequently the tooth becomes perforated as well as the sustainable state of accumulation of S. mutans excess in the oral cavity can cause damage to the tooth nerve. One alternative treatment of caries is Photodynamic Inactivation (PDI). PDI is a method of microbial inactivation using light and photosensitizer (PS). The absorption of light energy by PS molecules can produce reactive oxygen species that will damage the bacterial cells. Clinical antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using a light source is generally performed at various angles of irradiation depending on the position of the tooth. The amis of this study is to analyze the effect of LED lamination angle (450.00 ± 0.21) nm for inactivation of S. mutans by adding PS chlorophylls of Moringa oliefera leaf with concentration 8 mg / ml. Total Plate Count (TPC) was used to determine the decreasement of bacterial viability in CFU / ml. The ANOVA test showed that the irradiation with variation of 90˚ exposure angle and 180s exposure time potentially inactivated was significantly different with other treatment variation (p <α = 0,05). The 90 o LED illumination angle with 180 s LED time exposure to produce percentage decrease of bacterial colony (30.30 ± 4.23)% without PS chlorophyll and (46.74 ± 1.67)% with PS chlorophyll. So the angle and duration of exposure time of LED influence PDI efficacy.