Efficacy of antiviral chemotherapy for retrovirus-infected cats

Hartmann, Katrin

doi:10.1177/1098612x15610676

Cited by 21 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 103 publications

(212 reference statements)

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“…Neutralizing antibodies against rHuIFN-α are raised when it is administered parentally, ruling out treatment for more than 3-7 weeks [1,18], but not when administered orally for a longer time. Several studies reported the effect of rHuIFN-α, mainly in FeLV-infected cats (reviewed in [9,19]). In general, these studies associate the effect of this cytokine with decreased mortality [17], improvement in the clinical signs, laboratory alterations, CD4+/CD8+ ratio, and viral parameters of FeLV+ cats treated with IFN-α [18,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Hematological Follow-Up of Long-Term Oral Therapy with Type-I Interferon in Cats Naturally Infected with Feline Leukemia Virus or Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

Gómez-Lucı́a

Collado

Miró

et al. 2020

Animals

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Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), two of the most important pathogens of cats, produce chronic systemic diseases with progressive death of cells involved in the immune response, ultimately leading to death. Immunostimulants is one of the few alternatives to the symptomatic treatment. In this study, 27 naturally FeLV-infected (FeLV+) and 31 naturally FIV-infected (FIV+) cats were administered orally by their owners 60 IU/day of recombinant human interferon alpha (rHuIFN-α) for four months in alternate weeks. Clinical status was evaluated and blood samples collected at four different visits or months (M): pretreatment (M0), mid-treatment (M2), end of treatment (M4), and 4–8 months after end of treatment (M10). Most cats ostensibly improved their clinical status, and many became asymptomatic. rHuIFN-α treatment improved the anemic processes observed at M0 (at least in cats with mild or moderate anemia) and leukocyte counts, including a more favorable CD4+/CD8+ ratio. An increase in the serum gammaglobulin concentration was seen in 80% of the cats. Despite observing an obvious favorable progress in the clinical, biopathological, and CD4+/CD8+ values during treatment, almost invariably all the parameters analyzed worsened after treatment discontinuation (M10), which suggests that the interferon-α protocol should be either extended or include additional cycles for a long-lasting benefit in FeLV+ and FIV+ cats.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Hematological Follow-Up of Long-Term Oral Therapy with Type-I Interferon in Cats Naturally Infected with Feline Leukemia Virus or Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

Gómez-Lucı́a

Collado

Miró

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…While numerous antiretroviral drugs available to humans have been tested on and shown efficacy in the FIV model; financial and logistical constraints restrict the life-long use of ART as a realistic treatment for FIV infected cats. A recent review outlined the therapeutic recommendations for FIV-infected cats with the recommendation of nucleoside analog reverse transcription inhibitor, Zidovudine (AZT), to be used only when stomatitis, neurological signs, or recurring infections were present in associated with FIV infection (Hartmann, 2015).…”

Section: Feline Immunodeficiency Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and Future Therapeutic Strategies for Lentiviral Eradication from Macrophage Reservoirs

Peterson

MacLean

2018

J Neuroimmune Pharmacol

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Macrophages, one of the most abundant populations of leukocytes in the body, function as the first line of defense against pathogen invaders. Human Immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) remains to date one of the most extensively studied viral infections. Naturally occurring lentiviruses in domestic and primate species serve as valuable models to investigate lentiviral pathogenesis and novel therapeutics. Better understanding of the role macrophages play in HIV pathogenesis will aid in the advancement towards a cure. Even with current efficacy of first-and second-line Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) guidelines and future efficacy of Long Acting Slow Effective Release-ART (LASER-ART); ART alone does not lead to a cure. The major challenge of HIV eradication is viral latency. Latency Reversal Agents (LRAs) show promise as a possible means to eradicate HIV-1 from the body. It has become evident that complete eradication will need to include combinations of various effective therapeutic strategies such as LASER-ART, LRAs, and gene editing. Review of the current literature indicates the most promising HIV eradication strategy appears to be LASER-ART in conjunction with viral and receptor gene modifications via the CRISPR/Cas9 system.

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“…Nowadays, there are no antivirals licensed for use in veterinary medicine with the exception of several immune modulators, which have concurrent antiviral properties. Therefore, all the truly antiviral compounds used in dogs and cats are those licensed for use in humans, namely in HIV therapies [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. On the other hand, interestingly, the administration of antivirals in cats has been frequently documented due to the fact that FIV-infected cats are commonly used as HIV experimental models.…”

Section: Mini-reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Recombinant Feline Interferon Omega Therapy as an Immune-Modulator in Cats Naturally Infected with Feline Immunodeficiency Virus: New Perspectives

Leal

Gil

2016

Veterinary Sciences

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Type I interferons (IFNs) are well-known cytokines that, among their main functions, are key components of the host immune response against viral infections. Due to its immune modulation properties, they are commonly used in the therapeutic approach of various retroviral infections, namely human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). In HIV infection, it has been shown that IFN therapy limits early viral replication, particularly useful on post-exposure prophylaxis. In veterinary medicine, recombinant feline interferon omega (rFeIFN-ω) was the first interferon licensed for use in cats. Several studies have recently shown that this compound seems to stimulate the innate immunity, decreasing clinical signs and co-infections in naturally FIV-infected cats. More than summarizing the main conclusions about rFeIFN-ω in cats, this review emphasizes the immune-modulation properties of IFN therapy, opening new perspectives for its use in retroviral infections. Either in FIV-infected cats or in HIV individuals, type I IFNs seem to induce an innate immune-modulation and should not be overlooked as a therapeutic option in retroviral infections.

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Efficacy of antiviral chemotherapy for retrovirus-infected cats

Abstract: Retroviral infections and the indication for antiviral chemotherapyFeline leukaemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FiV) are among the most common infectious agents of cats.

Cited by 21 publications

References 103 publications

Clinical and Hematological Follow-Up of Long-Term Oral Therapy with Type-I Interferon in Cats Naturally Infected with Feline Leukemia Virus or Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

Clinical and Hematological Follow-Up of Long-Term Oral Therapy with Type-I Interferon in Cats Naturally Infected with Feline Leukemia Virus or Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

Current and Future Therapeutic Strategies for Lentiviral Eradication from Macrophage Reservoirs

The Use of Recombinant Feline Interferon Omega Therapy as an Immune-Modulator in Cats Naturally Infected with Feline Immunodeficiency Virus: New Perspectives

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