Efficacy of antimicrobial therapy for bovine acute <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> mastitis

Abstract

The purpose of this retrospective study was to assess the efficacy of antimicrobial therapy for bovine acute Klebsiella pneumoniae mastitis. We evaluated data from cattle in Ehime, Japan, with naturally occurring acute mastitis due to K. pneumoniae (n = 208) or Escherichia coli (n = 201). Survival was significantly shorter in cattle with acute K. pneumoniae mastitis (median, 76 days) compared with the disease caused by E. coli (median 464 days). In 2004-2008, because both species were highly susceptible to cefazolin, cases of K. pneumoniae and E. coli mastitis were treated solely with cefazolin, yielding clinical cure rates of 52.8% for K. pneumoniae and 86.0% for E. coli. However, since 2009, the efficacy of treatment of K. pneumoniae mastitis with cefazolin alone has decreased. When cefazolin administered on the first disease day led to clinical improvement, treatment with cefazolin was continued. However, when cefazolin administered on the first disease day failed to yield clinical improvement, the antibiotic was switched to a fluoroquinolone on the second day, resulting in cure rates of 76.7% for K. pneumoniae and 80.0% for E. coli. These findings suggest that, when the first-line drug (e.g., cefazolin) is ineffective, promptly changing to a second-line drug (e.g., a fluoroquinolone) increases the cure rate for bovine K. pneumoniae mastitis.

Bovine Mastitis: Examining Factors Contributing to Treatment Failure and Prospects of Nano-enabled Antibacterial Combination Therapy

“…54 S. aureus, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Mycoplasma bovis, and Streptococcus agalactiae are the most prevalent organisms associated with bovine mastitis. 1,55 While E. coli multiplies rapidly, Streptococcus agalactiae and S. aureus show adherence to the tissues lining the milk-collecting spaces. 56,57 An increased level of neutrophil chemoattractants and the cytokines IL-1ß, IL-6, IL8, and TNF-α are associated with inflammation in the mammary gland.…”

“…aureus , E . coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Mycoplasma bovis , and Streptococcus agalactiae are the most prevalent organisms associated with bovine mastitis. , While E . coli multiplies rapidly, Streptococcus agalactiae and S .…”

The combination of vaccines and adjuvants to prevent the occurrence of high incidence of infectious diseases in bovine

“…The main pathogenic bacteria include Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ), E. coli , and Streptococcus ( 78 – 80 ). In addition, Klebsiella pneumonia ( 81 ) and Burkholderia ( 82 ) also cause dairy cattle mastitis. Antibiotics are widely used to treat mastitis in dairy cattle to reduce economic losses.…”

Integration of Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking to Analyse the Mechanism of Action of Oregano Essential Oil in the Treatment of Bovine Mastitis

“…Nowadays, antimicrobial therapy is the principal treatment for bovine mastitis. The most commonly used antibacterial drugs are antibiotics, including cephalosporins, penicillin, erythromycin, quinolones, and sulfonamides [ 7 , 8 ]. With the extensive use of antibiotics, the drug resistance of bovine mastitis pathogens has become increasingly serious.…”