Efficacy of Aloe vera Gel and Water-leaf Extracts for Removal of Egg Adhesiveness during Artificial Propagation of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchel 1822)

Abstract

The paper aims to study the best immersion period and concentration of the plant extracts under study (water-leaf and Aloe vera gel) that can efficiently remove egg adhesiveness of Clarias gariepinus. Data generated were subjected to Multivariate Analysis of Variance Test, Tukey multiple range tests was used as a follow up procedure. Third order Polynomial regression analysis was then used to determine the best concentration and immersion period that neutralizes adhesiveness in eggs of C. gariepinus. The experiment was carried out at The Teaching and Research Fish Farm, Federal University of Technology, Akure, between October 2018 to December 2018. One male and one female C. gariepinus brood stock weighing 1.0 kg and 1.3 kg, respectively were used for the experiment. Three different concentrations (1, 3, and 5)% of the plant extracts were used. 2 g of urea diluted in 4 g NaCl/L of water was used as reference de-adhesion agent, while water without urea solution nor plant extracts was used as control. The fish eggs were rinsed with the solutions at different durations of 1, 3 and 5 minutes. Each concentration and rinsing time was recorded in duplicates. Results of the study showed that there were no significant differences (p=0.05) in the non-adhesive egg hatching of eggs immersed in Aloe vera gel and Urea solution. Number of non-adhesive egg and hatching increased in waterleaf extract which was significantly different (P=0.05) from eggs immersed in Aloe vera gel and water but not significantly different from urea solution. Therefore this study shows that waterleaf extract at 1% concentration and 1 minute immersion period can efficiently remove egg adhesiveness and increase hatching in C. gariepinus.

Efficacy of Bitter Leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) Extract for Removal of Egg Adhesiveness During Artificial Propagation of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822)

“…Adhesiveness of eggs of C. gariepinus exposed to varying concentrations and immersion periods of bitter leaf extract C. gariepinus eggs immersed in bitter leaf extract which contains tannin as an active ingredient gave (95.07%) egg detachment, this was effective at the lowest concentration of 0.5% with the shortest immersion period of 30 seconds which compared favorably with the study of Fawehinmi et al;, who reported that waterleaf extract which contains tannic acid gave 93.77% which was effective at the lowest concentration of 1% with the shortest immersion period of 1minute. It was similar as well with the studies of Asraf et al (2013) who reported that the optimal time needed to rinse African cat sh eggs was one minute with urea.…”

“…One among the ways to deal with this problem is to rinse the eggs with certain solutions. For instance, tannin was used in pikeperch (Sander lucioperca L.) at 0.75g/L best result was obtained in group of eggs submerged in one and two minutes (86.5% and 80.5% of larvae were obtained respectively) (Żarski et al, 2015), Alcalase enzyme treatment for elimination of adhesiveness in pikeperch, (Sander lucioperca L.) was done (Kristan et al, 2017), Alcalase enzyme solution was used for total elimination of stickiness in pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) (Ljubobratović et al, 2018), Aloe Vera gel and Water leaf extracts has been used with immersion period of ve minutes and one minutes respectively for African cat sh Clarias gariepinus (Fawehinmi et al, 2019).…”