Efficacy of a Virtual Reality Program in Pediatric Surgery to Reduce Anxiety and Distress Symptoms in the Preoperative Phase: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial

Esposito, Ciro; Autorino, Giuseppe; Iervolino, Anna; Vozzella, Emilia Anna; Cerulo, Mariapina; Esposito, Giovanni; Coppola, Vincenzo; Carulli, Roberto; Cortese, Giuseppe; Gallo, Luigi; Escolino, Maria

doi:10.1089/lap.2021.0566

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Avatars originated in the world of gaming as popular components of virtual reality (VR). VR formats are increasingly used in healthcare for education and patient distraction preoperatively or during painful procedures ( 34 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avatar and distance simulation as a learning tool – virtual simulation technology as a facilitator or barrier? A questionnaire-based study on behalf of Netzwerk Kindersimulation e.V.

Löllgen

Berger-Estilita²,

Rössler³

et al. 2022

Front. Pediatr.

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BackgroundVirtual simulation modalities have been implemented widely since the onset of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic restrictions in March 2020, as educators face persistent restrictions to face-to-face education of medical students and healthcare professionals.There is paucity of published data regarding the benefits and barriers of distance and avatar simulation training modalities.MethodsFollowing a 2-day virtual pediatric simulation competition facilitated by Netzwerk Kindersimulation e.V., using remote human avatars and distance simulation, we conducted a multicenter survey to explore the advantages and challenges of avatar and distance simulation among participants. We used a modified Delphi approach to draft and develop the 32-item online questionnaire with 7-point Likert-like scales (7 being the highest rating).ResultsTwenty participants answered our questionnaire. Respondents indicated both a high overall satisfaction (median of 5.0 [Q25–Q75: 4.0–6.0] ) for avatar and distance simulation 6.0 (5.0–6.0), respectively, as well as a high achieved psychological safety with both simulation types (5.0 [4.0–6.0] vs. 5.0 [4.0–6.0]). The most frequently reported profits of avatar and distance simulation included the elimination of travel distances, associated lower costs, less time spent attending the education activity, and effective communication and leadership training, especially with avatar simulation. Most often named challenges were technical problems, limited reception of non-verbal cues and a spatial distance from the team/educator.DiscussionBased on the results of this pilot study, avatar and distance simulation can be employed successfully and appear to be good supplements to face-to-face simulation. Other studies are warranted to further explore the effectiveness of various types of virtual simulation compared to conventional presential simulation. We suggest using avatar-based simulation for targeted communication and leadership skills training and the application of distance simulation to bring simulation experts virtually to remote places where educator resources are lacking.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avatar and distance simulation as a learning tool – virtual simulation technology as a facilitator or barrier? A questionnaire-based study on behalf of Netzwerk Kindersimulation e.V.

Löllgen

Berger-Estilita²,

Rössler³

et al. 2022

Front. Pediatr.

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“…Compared to adults, VR is particularly effective in capturing the attention of children and can be applied in various clinical scenarios. Recent research has explored the use of VR for preoperative anxiety relief, postoperative pain management [ 71 ], pain control during vaccinations [ 72 ], anesthesia and tooth extraction [ 73 ], as well as pain management during emergency sutures [ 73 , 74 ]. In the future, VR is poised to play an important role in various pediatric medical operations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Scientific Trends in Virtual Reality for Pain Treatment From 2000 to 2022: Bibliometric Analysis

Yang,

Zhong,

Yang

et al. 2023

JMIR Serious Games

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Background Virtual reality (VR) is a computer simulation technique that has been increasingly applied in pain management over the past 2 decades. Objective In this study, we used bibliometrics to explore the literature on VR and pain control, with the aim of identifying research progress and predicting future research hot spots. Methods We extracted literature on VR and pain control published between 2000 and 2022 from the Web of Science Core Collections and conducted bibliometric analyses. We analyzed the publication and citation trends in the past 2 decades, as well as publication and citation analyses of different countries, institutions, journals, and authors. For references, we conducted cocitation and burst analyses. For keywords, we conducted co-occurrence, clustering, timeline view, and citation burst analyses. Results Based on 1176 publications, we found that there was a continuous increase in publication and citation volumes, especially in the last 5 years. The United States was the most representative country, and the University of Washington was the most representative institution, with both having the most publications and citations. The most popular journal in this field was Burns, and Hoffman HG was the most productive author, leading many studies on patients with burn pain. The reference with the most citation burst was a study on the verification of new hardware in pain control. The keywords with the highest citation bursts related to various situations of pain such as “burn pain,” “wound care,” “low back pain,” and “phantom limb.” Conclusions VR has been applied in various clinical situations for pain management, among which burns and pediatric surgery have achieved satisfactory results. We infer that VR will be extended to more clinical pain situations in the future, such as pain control in wound care, low back pain, and phantom limb pain. New research hot spots will include the development of software and hardware to improve the immersive experience of VR for pain control. However, our work was based solely on English literature from the Web of Science database. For future studies, we recommend that researchers explore literature from multiple databases to enhance the scope of their research.

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“…Thе findings of Arpag еt al. (2023) showеd that a patiеnt’s visit to thе opеrating room accompaniеd by a nursе is еffеctivе in rеducing anxiеty and postopеrativе pain [ 10 ]. Esposito еt al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does a 30-minute introductory visit to the operating room reduce patients’ anxiety before elective surgery? A prospective controlled observational study

Bidgoli,

Sadat,

Zarei

et al. 2023

Patient Saf Surg

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Background Patients scheduled for elective surgery typically suffer from preoperative anxiety related to the unknown environment and unclear expectations. We hypothesized that a virtual or in-person introductory visit to the operating room one day before surgery may decrease the extent of preoperative anxiety by familiarizing patients and their families with the operating room environment. So, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of operating room visits, conducted both in-person and virtual reality, on patients’ preoperative anxiety. Methods This prospеctivе controllеd obsеrvational study еxaminеd patiеnts who wеrе candidatеs for gеnеral surgеry in a tеaching hospital in Iran. All patiеnts agеd bеtwееn 18–60 yеars, who wеrе undеrgoing gеnеral surgеry bеtwееn April and Sеptеmbеr 2022 and had prеopеrativе anxiеty basеd on thе Spiеlbеrgеr quеstionnairе, wеrе sеlеctеd. Patients who had emergency surgery or were taking anti-anxiety drugs were excluded from the study. Patiеnts wеrе thеn randomly assignеd to thе in-pеrson visit, virtual rеality visit, and control groups. In thе in-pеrson group, individuals visitеd thе opеrating room for 30 minutеs on thе day bеforе surgеry. In contrast, in thе virtual rеality group, visits wеrе conductеd via a ‘livе’ virtual vidеo tour of thе opеrating room for thе samе duration on thе day bеforе surgеry. The control group received routine care such as prе-surgеry hospitalization and mеdication. All participants completed the Spielberger questionnaire before the intervention (the day before surgery) and again two hours before surgery. Data were analyzed using variance analysis, t-tests, and Chi-square tests in SPSS 22 software. Results Wе idеntifiеd 105 patiеnts undеrgoing gеnеral surgеry who wеrе dividеd into thrее groups of 35 pеoplе еach. Thе rеsults showеd that, bеforе thе intеrvеntion, thеrе wеrе no statistically significant diffеrеncеs among thе thrее groups in tеrms of dеmographic data and prеopеrativе anxiеty (p > 0.05). Aftеr thе intеrvеntion, thе mеan scorеs of prеopеrativе anxiеty in thе in-pеrson visit, virtual rеality visit, and control groups wеrе 52.82 ± 4.51, 54.48 ± 5.04, and 53.42 ± 4.62, rеspеctivеly, with no significant statistical diffеrеncе (p = 0.33). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in preoperative anxiety scores before and after the intervention in the in-person visit (p = 0.13), virtual reality visit (p = 0.10), and control (p = 0.33) groups. Conclusion A 30-minute visit to familiarize patients with the operating room environment, equipment, and staff, whether conducted in-person or virtually, does not significantly affect patients’ preoperative anxiety or reduce their anxiety levels.

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Efficacy of a Virtual Reality Program in Pediatric Surgery to Reduce Anxiety and Distress Symptoms in the Preoperative Phase: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Avatar and distance simulation as a learning tool – virtual simulation technology as a facilitator or barrier? A questionnaire-based study on behalf of Netzwerk Kindersimulation e.V.

Avatar and distance simulation as a learning tool – virtual simulation technology as a facilitator or barrier? A questionnaire-based study on behalf of Netzwerk Kindersimulation e.V.

Global Scientific Trends in Virtual Reality for Pain Treatment From 2000 to 2022: Bibliometric Analysis

Does a 30-minute introductory visit to the operating room reduce patients’ anxiety before elective surgery? A prospective controlled observational study

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