Efficacy of a turkey herpesvirus double construct vaccine (HVT-ND-IBD) against challenge with different strains of Newcastle disease, infectious bursal disease and Marek’s disease viruses

Abstract

A double construct vaccine of turkey herpesvirus (HVT) was prepared that contains the fusion (F) gene from Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and the viral protein 2 (VP2) gene from infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Safety of the vaccine (HVT-ND-IBD) was confirmed and efficacy was evaluated after subcutaneous (SC) vaccination at 1 day of age or the in ovo route of vaccination. Challenges were performed with velogenic NDV strains (Texas GB and Herts Weybridge 33/56), with different strains of IBDV (classical strain STC; very virulent strain CS89 and variant E strain) and with Marek's disease virus (MDV) strain RB1B. Vaccination with HVT-ND-IBD induced a high level of protection against these challenges. Vaccination with HVT is often combined with Rispens CVI988 vaccine and live ND vaccines for higher and earlier, MD and ND protection, respectively. HVT-ND-IBD vaccination in combination with these vaccines showed MD protection as early as 4 days post vaccination and ND protection as early as 2 weeks post vaccination. The long protection as seen with HVT vaccination was confirmed by demonstrating protection against NDV up to 60 weeks. Finally, to evaluate the performance of the vaccine in commercial birds with maternally-derived antibodies, two field trials were performed, using in ovo vaccination in broilers and SC vaccination in combination with Rispens CVI988 vaccine in layer-type birds. The efficacy was confirmed for all components by challenges. These results demonstrate that HVT-ND-IBD is a safe and highly efficacious vaccine for simultaneous control of ND, IBD and MD. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS. A double construct HVT vaccine with the NDV F and the IBDV VP2 genes was prepared.. The vaccine protects against three important diseases: MDV, NDV and IBDV.. In ovo and sub-cutaneous vaccination was evaluated in the field in commercial chickens.

Development of a Novel Assay Based on Plant-Produced Infectious Bursal Disease Virus VP3 for the Differentiation of Infected From Vaccinated Animals

“…Moreover, the His-VP3 ELISA was able to detect the seroconversion after the experimental viral challenge of SPF chickens immunized with last-generation VP2-focused vaccines, demonstrating that, when paired with a VP2-based ELISA, it is a suitable DIVA tool. It is interesting to note that, in this study, as well as in previous ones (Marusic et al, 2021 ; van Hulten et al, 2021 ), the protection against clinical IBDV induced by both the HVT-ND-IBD and the VP2-VLP vaccine was high as no clinical signs and no mortality were observed (vs. 80% of mortality in the control groups), despite anti-VP2 antibody titers induced by the live-vectored vaccine are lower as compared to those induced by the VLPs. This observation indicates that, in the protection conferred by certain types of vaccines, an important role may be played also by cell-mediated immunity (Dey et al, 2019 ).…”

Evaluating the breadth of neutralizing antibody responses elicited by infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) genogroup A1 strains using a novel chicken B-cell rescue system and neutralization assay

“…However, more studies are needed to understand the relative contribution of T cell mediated immunity and neutralizing antibody responses to the protection provided by HVT-based vaccines. Moreover, while present study was concerned with antibody responses elicited by live viruses, our method could be also applied in the future to compare the breadth of antibody responses elicited by different vaccine platforms, including HVT-based vaccines (37, 39).…”

Genetic and non‐genetic factors influencing KLH binding natural antibodies and specific antibody response to Newcastle disease in Kenyan chicken populations

“…In the two studies, NDV‐IgG was tested two weeks post‐vaccination against NCD. However, in the current study, chickens of different ages were sampled and, as such, period post‐vaccination ranged from 4 to 48 weeks which was within the active period (60 weeks) of the vaccine used in the study population (van Hulten et al, 2020). Sampling period post‐vaccination has an effect on antibody levels and is previously associated with different production phases of antibodies (development, maintenance and diminishing phases) which are influenced by different genetic components (Li et al, 2020; Sun et al, 2013).…”