Efficacy of a technology-based, integrated smoking cessation and alcohol intervention for smoking cessation in adolescents: Results of a cluster-randomised controlled trial

Haug, Severin; Castro, Raquel Paz; Kowatsch, Tobias; Filler, Andreas; Schaub, Michael P

doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2017.09.008

Cited by 30 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Data for this study were extracted from a two-arm, parallel-group, cluster RCT that used school class as the randomization unit, as detailed elsewhere [ 9 , 25 ]. Students in vocational or upper secondary schools in Switzerland were invited to participate in a technology-based program called MobileCoach Tobacco (MCT) if they (1) either smoked on a daily or occasional basis (at least 4 cigarettes in the preceding month and at least one cigarette during the preceding week) and (2) owned a mobile phone .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They were randomly assigned to either the combined program ( MCT+ , n=730) or to the smoking cessation only program ( MCT , n=741). The original study [ 9 ] found no significant difference between the programs in terms of reducing the number of cigarettes used per day ( MCT+ vs MCT : −2.7 vs −2.8) or in increasing the 7-day point prevalence of smoking abstinence at follow-up ( MCT+ vs MCT : 14.9% vs 14.0%).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such programs have already been proven more effective than minimal or no intervention in adult smokers [ 4 - 8 ]. Whereas only trends toward the effectiveness of such programs in adolescents have been documented to date [ 6 ], studies highlight their acceptance by adolescent smokers with mixed intentions to quit smoking and by adolescent smokers of different genders, educational levels, and immigrant backgrounds [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Engagement Within a Mobile Phone–Based Smoking Cessation Intervention for Adolescents and its Association With Participant Characteristics and Outcomes

Castro¹,

Haug²,

Filler³

et al. 2017

J Med Internet Res

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BackgroundAlthough mobile phone–delivered smoking cessation programs are a promising way to promote smoking cessation among adolescents, little is known about how adolescents might actually use them.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine adolescents’ trajectories of engagement with a mobile phone–delivered smoking cessation program over time and the associations these trajectories have with baseline characteristics and treatment outcomes.MethodsWe performed secondary data analysis on a dataset from a study that compared a mobile phone–delivered integrated smoking cessation and alcohol intervention with a smoking cessation only intervention for adolescents recruited in vocational and upper secondary school classes (N=1418). Throughout the 3-month intervention, participants in both intervention groups received one text message prompt per week that either assessed smoking-related target behaviors or encouraged participation in a quiz or a message contest. Sequence analyses were performed to identify engagement trajectories. Analyses were conducted to identify predictors of engagement trajectory and associations between engagement trajectories and treatment outcomes.ResultsThree engagement trajectories emerged: (1) stable engagement (646/1418, 45.56%), (2) decreasing engagement (501/1418, 35.33%), and (3) stable nonengagement (271/1418, 19.11%). Adolescents who were younger, had no immigrant background, perceived more benefits of quitting smoking, and reported binge drinking preceding the baseline assessment were more likely to exhibit stable engagement. Due to different reach of more engaged and less engaged participants at follow-up, three statistical models (complete-cases, last-observation-carried-forward, and multiple imputation) for the associations of engagement trajectory and smoking outcome were tested. For 7-point smoking abstinence, no association was revealed to be statistically significant over all three models. However, decreasing engagement with the program was associated over all three models, with greater reductions in daily tobacco use than nonengagement.ConclusionsThe majority of tobacco-smoking adolescents engaged extensively with a mobile phone–based smoking cessation program. However, not only stable engagement but also decreasing engagement with a program might be an indicator of behavioral change. Measures to avoid nonengagement among adolescents appear especially necessary for older smokers with an immigrant background who do not drink excessively. In addition, future studies should not only examine the use of specific program components but also users’ engagement trajectories to better understand the mechanisms behind behavioral change.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Engagement Within a Mobile Phone–Based Smoking Cessation Intervention for Adolescents and its Association With Participant Characteristics and Outcomes

Castro¹,

Haug²,

Filler³

et al. 2017

J Med Internet Res

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In a study of students in Switzerland, a 3-month mobile intervention demonstrated no overall beneficial effects for an integrated smoking and alcohol cessation intervention compared to smoking cessation alone. However, participants with highrisk alcohol consumption in the integrated intervention decreased their cigarette use to a much greater extent than those in the single intervention [14]. More research is needed to determine how best to harness digital tools to target tobacco use and HED in young adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Development of a social media-based intervention targeting tobacco use and heavy episodic drinking in young adults

Ramo

Meacham

Kaur

et al. 2019

Addict Sci Clin Pract

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Background: Tobacco use and heavy episodic drinking (HED) commonly co-occur in young adults. We developed and tested usability of the Smoking Tobacco and Drinking (STAND) intervention for young adults delivered on Facebook. Methods: To inform the intervention, focus groups were held with 25 young adults age 18 to 25 (12% female; Mean age = 20.4) who smoked cigarettes and reported at least one HED episode in the past month. Facebook intervention posts (N = 180) were tailored to readiness to quit smoking, and tested in two private Facebook behavioral change groups (Ready, Not Ready) with N = 29 young adults (10% female; Mean age = 20.8). Participants flagged posts in need of change, and we assessed engagement (comment frequency). Results: Focus groups revealed preference for changing one substance at a time and greater receptivity to quitting smoking than reducing drinking. Mean comments per post were 5.3 (SD = 1.1) in Ready groups and 11.7 (SD = 5.1) in Not Ready groups; 94/180 (52.2%) posts were flagged for change. The level of engagement and the flagging of posts for change did not differ by group or by whether the post targeted tobacco, alcohol, or both substances combined (all p > .10). Overall, STAND was rated as easy to understand, providing sound advice, worthy of recommendation, and helpful (all agreement 100% among Ready; 50-70% among Not Ready). Conclusions: The current findings informed development of a social media-based intervention targeting tobacco and alcohol use in young adults. Although there was greater interest in making changes in smoking than drinking behavior, receptivity and acceptability of the Facebook post messages in the STAND intervention was high overall. The intervention is being further refined for evaluation in a larger trial. Trial registration Name of the registry Smoking Tobacco and Drinking Study (STAND); Trial registration number NCT03163303; Date of registration 5/23/17; URL of trial registry record https ://clini caltr ials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03 16330 3.

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“…Almost all tobacco use starts from youth and young adulthood which before age 18 years and is considered as an unsafe action, since the adolescent is a period of great exposure and vulnerability to consumption of tobacco (D'Angelo et al, 2016;Jamal, Gentzke, Hu, Cullen, Apelberg, Homa, & King, 2017;Andrade, Ferreira, Ramos, Ramos, Scarabottolo, Saraiva, Gobbo, & Christofaro, 2017). Low education attainment and socioeconomic level, parental smoking (especially mother), tobacco advertisement or promotion, friends and peers smoking, alcohol use could be the contributing factors for tobacco use of the adolescents (Andrade et al, 2017;Haug, Paz Castro, Kowatsch, Filler, & Schaub, 2017;Xiao, Feng, Jiang, Zhang, & Liu, 2017). Many studies concluded that smoking adolescents suffer from nicotine dependence may have worse performance on standardized tests, poorer physical activity, alcohol abuse and insomnia when comparing with their non-smoking peers (Sabado, Haynie, Gilman, Simons-Morton, & Choi, 2017).…”

Section: Introduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects Assessment of Auricular Acupuncture and Group Counseling for Smoking Cessation in Senior High School Students

Pei‐Ying¹,

Tai²,

Tang³

2019

JPR

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Smoking is a serious public health problem since it harms not only the smokers but also other people in touch with the smokers. Many obstinate illnesses such as cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease are now be proven to be related to smoking itself. To help young smokers, particularly adolescent, quitting smoking can prevent more tobacco use. Some studies showed auricular acupuncture (AA) is increasingly used to treat chemical dependency and withdrawal symptoms based as it's safe and effective. Moreover, group counseling can motivate young adults to set a quit date and strengthen their belief in quitting smoking via peer effects. The present study evaluates the effects of a 8-week smoking cessation courses consisting of AA and group counseling once per week on senior high school students aged from 15 to 18. The AA treatment was administrated at both side of ears on a weekly basis for six weeks. Clinicians gave an intensive counseling session assessing the readiness to quit, exploring smoking habits, and identifying barriers to smoking cessation and relapsing factors. Before each intervention, the 23 participants completed questionnaires and offered levels of carbon monoxide exhalation. The participants showed significant differences in levels of carbon monoxide exhalation, daily tobacco consumptions, reduction in the taste of tobacco and intensity of the desire to smoke after 6-week consecutive sessions. However, the smoking cessation success was only three cases (13%). Given limited and uncertain efficacy of AA for smoking cessation, though it's non-invasive and safe, it's better to combine AA with other methods not only for synergistic effects but also better smoking cessation success rate.

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Efficacy of a technology-based, integrated smoking cessation and alcohol intervention for smoking cessation in adolescents: Results of a cluster-randomised controlled trial

Cited by 30 publications

References 41 publications

Engagement Within a Mobile Phone–Based Smoking Cessation Intervention for Adolescents and its Association With Participant Characteristics and Outcomes

Engagement Within a Mobile Phone–Based Smoking Cessation Intervention for Adolescents and its Association With Participant Characteristics and Outcomes

Development of a social media-based intervention targeting tobacco use and heavy episodic drinking in young adults

Effects Assessment of Auricular Acupuncture and Group Counseling for Smoking Cessation in Senior High School Students

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