Efficacy of a self‐help manual in increasing resilience in carers of adults with depression in Thailand

Abstract

Caring for a person with a mental illness can have adverse effects on caregivers; however, little is known about how best to help such caregivers. The aim of the present study was to examine the efficacy of a cognitive behaviour therapy-guided self-help manual in increasing resilience in caregivers of individuals with depression, in comparison to caregivers who receive routine support only. A randomized, controlled trial was conducted, following CONSORT guidelines, with 54 caregivers allocated to parallel intervention (self-help manual) (n = 27) or control (standard support) (n = 27) groups. Resilience was assessed at baseline, post-test (week 8), and follow up (week 12). Intention-to-treat analyses were undertaken. Repeated-measures ANOVA indicated a significant difference in resilience scores between the three time points, showing a large effect. Pairwise comparisons between intervention and control groups indicated resilience to be significantly different between baseline and post-test, and between baseline and follow up, but not between post-test and follow up. Overall, the intervention group showed a slightly greater increase in resilience over time than the control group; however, the time-group interaction was not significant. Guided self-help is helpful in improving caregivers' resilience and could be used as an adjunct to the limited support provided to carers by mental health nurses and other clinicians.

Individual Resilience Interventions: A Systematic Review in Adult Population Samples over the Last Decade

“…A complete list of the full text papers reviewed and rationale for exclusion is provided in Supplementary Material S1 . Of the 38 trials included, 33 were randomized controlled trials (RCT), and the other five were nonrandomized controlled studies (NRCS) [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 ].…”

“…Considering that the definitions given should meet those that are the theoretical basis of the scales used [ 22 ], it is to be expected that the most used scales were the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and the Resilience Scale, both measuring resilience as a personality trait. Still bearing in mind that there should be this bridging in terms of the theoretical frame, it is important to emphasize that nine studies [ 28 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 40 , 41 , 60 , 61 , 63 ] did not adopt the same approaches both in their definition and scale used.…”

Effectiveness of a Guided Self-help Manual in Strengthening Resilience in People Diagnosed with Moderate Depression and Their Family Caregivers in Thailand: A Randomised Controlled Trial

“…Few studies have been undertaken into PwD and caregiver resilience within the context of mental disorder. Those undertaken report it has favourable effects on caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia (Fan, Chen, Lin, Bai, & Wei, 2014), first-episode psychosis (McCann, Lubman, & Clark, 2011b), individuals with depression and caregivers' coping (McCann, Songprakun, & Stephenson, 2016;Songprakun & McCann, 2012).…”

Pengaruh Self-Help Groups Terhadap Penurunan Depresi Pada Mantan Pemakai Narkoba Di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Perempuan

“…Tujuan self-help groups adalah memberikan dukungan emosional setiap anggota kelompok, belajar koping yang adaptif, serta menemukan strategi untuk mengatasi suatu kondisi dan memberikan bantuan kepada setiap anggota kelompok (Coote & Macleod, 2012;Mccann, Songprakun, & Stephenson, 2016). Pembentukan self-help groups mencegah timbulnya perubahan perasaan atau mood dan depresi serta tercapainya perasaan aman dan sejahtera (Salomon, 2004).…”

“…Self-help groups telah terbukti efektif untuk mengurangi gejala depresi pada pasien dengan masalah fisik (Matcham et al, 2014). Intervensi tersebut berfokus pada materi terkait perawatan penyakit (Aglen et al, 2015;Komatsu et al, 2012;Matcham et al, 2014;Mccann et al, 2016). Depresi yang dialami warga binaan lebih berfokus berfokus pada permasalahan yang timbul akibat putus dari pemakaian narkoba (Johnson & Zlotnick, 2012 Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa umur responden yang terbanyak adalah 26-35 tahun.…”