Efficacy of A Poly(MeOEGMA) Brush on the Prevention of Escherichia coli Biofilm Formation and Susceptibility

Alves, Patrícia; Gomes, Luciana C.; Rodriguez‐Emmenegger, Cesar; Mergulhão, Filipe

doi:10.3390/antibiotics9050216

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(107 reference statements)

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“…In fact, by being more exposed, the piercing effect of CNTs on the membrane of bacterial cells [46,47] can be potentiated. Probably, by inducing a more open structure on the 3 wt% 4 h ball-milled CNT/PDMS composites, biofilms could be more susceptible to antimicrobial treatment [48], something that will be explored in future work.…”

Section: Antibiofilm Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing CNT Loading in Antimicrobial Composites for Urinary Tract Application

Gomes

Teixeira‐Santos

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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Several methodologies have been implemented with the intent of preventing or reducing the formation of biofilms on indwelling urinary devices. The use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in the biomedical field has been increasing, particularly in the production of antimicrobial and antifouling coatings. Despite their proven antimicrobial properties, their use as coating materials for urinary tract devices (UTDs) is still poorly documented. In the present work, CNT/poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) composite materials containing different CNT loadings were prepared and further tested against Escherichia coli under conditions prevailing in UTDs. Besides CNT loading optimization, textural modifications were also introduced on the surface of CNTs to improve the antibiofilm pro-perties of the final composites. Material characterization included the textural evaluation of CNTs and the assessment of surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy, while the surface hydrophobicity was determined by contact angle measurements. Biofilm analysis was performed by determining the number of culturable and total cells and by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Results revealed that, by filling the PDMS matrix with 3 wt% CNT loading, a significant reduction in cell culturability (39%) can be achieved compared to PDMS. Additionally, the textural modifications induced by ball-milling treatment proved to be effective on the inhibition of biofilm formation, reducing the amount of biofilm per surface area, biofilm thickness and surface coverage in 31, 47 and 27%, respectively (compared to surfaces where CNTs were not ball-milled).

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Section: Antibiofilm Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing CNT Loading in Antimicrobial Composites for Urinary Tract Application

Gomes

Teixeira‐Santos

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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“…While the previously described flow cells were based on a PDMS microstructure attached to a glass slide (Hansen et al, 2019), here we exchanged them for bioreactors composed entirely of PDMS and adapted the sampling process accordingly to optimize the cultivation platform for productive biofilms. This change was made to exploit the positive influence of the hydrophobic PDMS on the growth of the biofilm compared to growth on glass slides (Alves et al, 2020) and to ensure homogeneous material conditions for biocatalytic conversion. In addition to the simplicity of creating a variety of PDMS structures by replica casting, PDMS generally has certain advantages for the cultivation of cells such as biocompatibility and high gas permeability.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic cultivation and analysis of productive biofilms

Lemke

Zoheir

Rabe

et al. 2021

Biotech & Bioengineering

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We here report the application of a machine‐based microfluidic biofilm cultivation and analysis platform for studying the performance of biocatalytically active biofilms. By using robotic sampling, we succeeded in spatially resolving the productivity of three microfluidic reactors containing biocatalytically active biofilms that inducibly overexpress recombinant enzymes. Escherichia coli biofilms expressing two stereoselective oxidoreductases, the (R)‐selective alcohol dehydrogenase LbADH and the (S)‐selective ketoreductase Gre2p, as well as the phenolic acid decarboxylase EsPAD were used. The excellent reproducibility of the cultivation and analysis methods observed for all three systems underlines the usefulness of the new technical platform for the investigation of biofilms. In addition, we demonstrated that the analytical platform also opens up new opportunities to perform in‐depth spatially resolved studies on the biomass growth in a reactor channel and its biochemical productivity. Since the platform not only offers the detailed biochemical characterization but also broad capabilities for the morphological study of living biofilms, we believe that our approach can also be performed on many other natural and artificial biofilms to systematically investigate a wide range of process parameters in a highly parallel manner using miniaturized model systems, thus advancing the harnessing of microbial communities for technical purposes.

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“…E. coli JM109(DE3) from Promega (USA) was selected for this study because it has been used in previous works from our group for the evaluation of initial adhesion in antifouling surfaces [ 10 , 18 , 32 , 33 ] and because it was shown to have similar biofilm formation behavior to different clinical isolates, including E. coli CECT 434 [ 21 ]. The inoculum was prepared as previously described [ 34 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysing the Initial Bacterial Adhesion to Evaluate the Performance of Antifouling Surfaces

et al. 2020

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The aim of this work was to study the initial events of Escherichia coli adhesion to polydimethylsiloxane, which is critical for the development of antifouling surfaces. A parallel plate flow cell was used to perform the initial adhesion experiments under controlled hydrodynamic conditions (shear rates ranging between 8 and 100/s), mimicking biomedical scenarios. Initial adhesion studies capture more accurately the cell-surface interactions as in later stages, incoming cells may interact with the surface but also with already adhered cells. Adhesion rates were calculated and results shown that after some time (between 5 and 9 min), these rates decreased (by 55% on average), from the initial values for all tested conditions. The common explanation for this decrease is the occurrence of hydrodynamic blocking, where the area behind each adhered cell is screened from incoming cells. This was investigated using a pair correlation map from which two-dimensional histograms showing the density probability function were constructed. The results highlighted a lower density probability (below 4.0 × 10−4) of the presence of cells around a given cell under different shear rates irrespectively of the radial direction. A shadowing area behind the already adhered cells was not observed, indicating that hydrodynamic blocking was not occurring and therefore it could not be the cause for the decreases in cell adhesion rates. Afterward, cell transport rates from the bulk solution to the surface were estimated using the Smoluchowski-Levich approximation and values in the range of 80–170 cells/cm2.s were obtained. The drag forces that adhered cells have to withstand were also estimated and values in the range of 3–50 × 10−14 N were determined. Although mass transport increases with the flow rate, drag forces also increase and the relative importance of these factors may change in different conditions. This work demonstrates that adjustment of operational parameters in initial adhesion experiments may be required to avoid hydrodynamic blocking, in order to obtain reliable data about cell-surface interactions that can be used in the development of more efficient antifouling surfaces.

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Efficacy of A Poly(MeOEGMA) Brush on the Prevention of Escherichia coli Biofilm Formation and Susceptibility

Cited by 20 publications

References 63 publications

Optimizing CNT Loading in Antimicrobial Composites for Urinary Tract Application

Optimizing CNT Loading in Antimicrobial Composites for Urinary Tract Application

Microfluidic cultivation and analysis of productive biofilms

Analysing the Initial Bacterial Adhesion to Evaluate the Performance of Antifouling Surfaces

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