2022
DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2021.06.006
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Efficacy of a Low Dose of Melatonin as an Adjunctive Therapy in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Randomized, Double-blind Clinical Trial

Abstract: Background : Melatonin has been known as an anti-inflammatory agent and immune modulator that may address progressive pathophysiology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Aim of the study. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of adjuvant, use of melatonin in patients with COVID-19. Methods : This single-center, double-blind, randomized clinical trial included 74 hospitalized patients with confirmed mild to moderate COVID-19 at Baqiyatallah Hospital in Tehran, Iran, from … Show more

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Cited by 62 publications
(72 citation statements)
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“…This higher effectiveness of melatonin in some parameters of mutant mice could be due to an adjuvant effect of melatonin and lack of NLRP3 inflammasome. The adjuvant effect of melatonin has been used in several therapies against different pathologies including atherosclerotic carotid arterial stenosis, cancer, COVID-19, and diabetic neuropathy [69][70][71][72]. Recently, activation of mitochondrial calcium uptake 1 (MICU1) induced by melatonin has been suggested as a mechanism underlying the protective effect of melatonin against cardiac hypertrophy [73].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This higher effectiveness of melatonin in some parameters of mutant mice could be due to an adjuvant effect of melatonin and lack of NLRP3 inflammasome. The adjuvant effect of melatonin has been used in several therapies against different pathologies including atherosclerotic carotid arterial stenosis, cancer, COVID-19, and diabetic neuropathy [69][70][71][72]. Recently, activation of mitochondrial calcium uptake 1 (MICU1) induced by melatonin has been suggested as a mechanism underlying the protective effect of melatonin against cardiac hypertrophy [73].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recently, melatonin has emerged as one of the potential enhancers/adjuvants in COVID-19 treatment [187]. Melatonin is a multifunctional molecule synthesized in mitochondria and possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory functions that are shown to have a protective effect against COVID-19 [187][188][189].…”
Section: Potential Covid-19 Treatments and Role Of Mitochondriamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recently, melatonin has emerged as one of the potential enhancers/adjuvants in COVID-19 treatment [187]. Melatonin is a multifunctional molecule synthesized in mitochondria and possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory functions that are shown to have a protective effect against COVID-19 [187][188][189]. As melatonin improves mitochondrial function by increasing oxidative phosphorylation, ATP production, upregulation of antioxidant enzymes, scavenging ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), it has been proposed to test for its protective action against COVID-19 [188][189][190][191][192][193][194].…”
Section: Potential Covid-19 Treatments and Role Of Mitochondriamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…for elderly patients with comorbidities such as sleep disruption. The first paper primarily describes the clinical results in the 44 hospitalized patients with confirmed mild to moderate COVID-19 seen at the Baqiyatallah Hospital in Tehran who completed the study [ 38 ]. Patients had been randomly assigned to receive standard of care or standard of care in addition to melatonin at a dose of 3 mg three times daily for 14 days.…”
Section: Applicability To Covid-19mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The 24 patients in the melatonin-treated group exhibited a significant improvement in clinical symptoms (cough, dyspnea, and fatigue) and pulmonary involvement, as well as significantly lower levels of circulating C-reactive protein as compared to 20 controls. Moreover, both the mean time of the hospital discharge of patients and return to baseline health were significantly shorter in the intervention group [ 38 ]. The second paper describes a cohort from the same study in which Th1 and Th2-mediated cellular and humoral immunity were evaluated in 40 male and female patients (20 receiving melatonin and 20 controls) [ 39 ].…”
Section: Applicability To Covid-19mentioning
confidence: 99%