Efficacy of 3-dimensional endorectal ultrasonography compared with conventional ultrasonography and computed tomography in preoperative rectal cancer staging

3D echoendoscopy and miniprobes for rectal cancer staging

“…These values range between 77 and 93% in previous reports (12,14,16,17). Our findings confirm the high accuracy of 3D-EUS, which is higher than that of conventional EUS.…”

“…It also allows the isolation of structures or lesions of interest and presents them in different perspectives, changing their texture and/or transparency (12)(13)(14)(15). However, the application of 3D-EUS in this setting has rarely been reported (12,14,16,17). Therefore, we aimed to compare RC preoperative staging using C-EUS with 3D-EUS and mp-EUS.…”

The efficacy of endoscopic ultrasonography in local staging of rectal tumors

“…In the previous studies, efficacy of transrectal US and ERUS in T stage ranges between 64-90% (12)(13)(14). Moreover, efficacy increases when three-dimensional (3D) EUS software is used (5). The accuracy of EUS in assessing depth of invasion into the rectal wall has been found to vary with tumor stage, with higher accuracy in early (T1) and advanced (T3-T4) lesions than in T2 lesions (16,17).…”

“…In the locoregional evaluation of rectal cancer, CT and MRI have the advantages of acquiring systemic information, whereas ERUS has the advantages of lower cost, easier accessibility, and shorter examination time compared with CT and MRI (5). CT scan is an excellent modality for demonstrating distant metastasis as well as perirectal fat and adjacent organ involvement, but it lacks precision for locoregional staging because of its inability to distinguish between mural layers.…”

Preoperative Staging of Rectal Cancer: Role of Endorectal Ultrasound

“…Overstaging occurred in 5% cases and understaging occurred 2% of cases. Two recent meta-analysis, based the first on 11 studies reported that the sensitivity of ERUS in correctly staging T1, T2, T3, T4 rectal cancers was 84%, 76%, 88%, 87% respectively (51). The second recent meta-analysis comprised 31 studies and reported ERUS sensitivity rate related to the stage of 76%, 75%, 88% and 87% respectively (52).…”