Efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of an oral influenza vaccine: a placebo-controlled and active-controlled phase 2 human challenge study

Liebowitz, David; Gottlieb, Keith; Kolhatkar, Nikita; Garg, Shaily; Asher, Jason; Nazareno, Jonathan; Kim, Kenneth; McIlwain, David R.; Tucker, Sean N.

doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(19)30584-5

Cited by 82 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Pre-existing immunity to Ad5 is a common concern for the intramuscular delivery of Ad5 vector vaccines and the high pre-existing immunity did weaken the humoral and cellular immune response in some clinical trials 5 , 8 , 14 . However, the immune response by mucosal vaccination of Ad5-vectored vaccines may not be influenced by the high level of pre-existing immunity to Ad5 15 – 17 . One concern is that mucosal vaccination is complicated by the risk of inducing asthma attacks and some respiratory viruses are one of the most common causes of asthma exacerbations in both adults and children 18 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A single dose of an adenovirus-vectored vaccine provides protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge

Wu¹,

Zhong

Zhang³

et al. 2020

Nat Commun

236

224

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The unprecedented coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic has created a worldwide public health emergency, and there is an urgent need to develop an effective vaccine to control this severe infectious disease. Here, we find that a single vaccination with a replication-defective human type 5 adenovirus encoding the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (Ad5-nCoV) protect mice completely against mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 infection in the upper and lower respiratory tracts. Additionally, a single vaccination with Ad5-nCoV protects ferrets from wild-type SARS-CoV-2 infection in the upper respiratory tract. This study suggests that the mucosal vaccination may provide a desirable protective efficacy and this delivery mode is worth further investigation in human clinical trials.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A single dose of an adenovirus-vectored vaccine provides protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge

Wu¹,

Zhong

Zhang³

et al. 2020

Nat Commun

236

224

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The adenovirus type 26 vector was demonstrated to mediate protection against SIV in NHPs ( 76 ) and immunogenicity against Ebola virus in clinical phase I testing ( 133 ). Vaxart (South San Francisco, CA, USA) initiated a project to develop a COVID-19 vaccine based on the VAAST TM platform, which contains an adenovirus 5 vector and a TLR3 adjuvant, and it is designed as enteric-coated vaccine tablets that release the vector in the small intestine for targeted immune activation, as previously shown for an oral influenza candidate vaccine ( 140 , 141 ). Imophoron's (Bristol, UK) in collaboration with University of Bristol (Bristol, UK) is using the ADDomer vaccine platform, which is an adenovirus-derived multimeric protein-based self-assembling nanoparticle scaffold engineered to facilitate plug-and-play display of multiple immunogenic epitopes from pathogens, and it has been tested against Chikungunya infection ( 142 ).…”

Section: Vaccine Platform Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Long Road Toward COVID-19 Herd Immunity: Vaccine Platform Technologies and Mass Immunization Strategies

et al. 2020

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There is an urgent need for effective countermeasures against the current emergence and accelerating expansion of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Induction of herd immunity by mass vaccination has been a very successful strategy for preventing the spread of many infectious diseases, hence protecting the most vulnerable population groups unable to develop immunity, for example individuals with immunodeficiencies or a weakened immune system due to underlying medical or debilitating conditions. Therefore, vaccination represents one of the most promising counter-pandemic measures to COVID-19. However, to date, no licensed vaccine exists, neither for SARS-CoV-2 nor for the closely related SARS-CoV or Middle East respiratory syndrome-CoV. In addition, a few vaccine candidates have only recently entered human clinical trials, which hampers the progress in tackling COVID-19 infection. Here, we discuss potential prophylactic interventions for SARS-CoV-2 with a focus on the challenges existing for vaccine development, and we review pre-clinical progress and ongoing human clinical trials of COVID-19 vaccine candidates. Although COVID-19 vaccine development is currently accelerated via so-called fast-track programs, vaccines may not be timely available to have an impact on the first wave of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, COVID-19 vaccines will be essential in the future for reducing morbidity and mortality and inducing herd immunity, if SARS-CoV-2 becomes established in the population like for example influenza virus.

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“…Influenza, caused by the influenza virus, is a serious public health issue worldwide, as it is an important cause of individual morbidity and mortality in the population, and existing vaccines are not completely protective [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Influenza pandemics do not only cause a sudden increase in deaths, but also social disruption, and economic loss [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forecasting Weekly Influenza Outpatient Visits Using a Two-Dimensional Hierarchical Decision Tree Scheme

Lee

Chen

Chang

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Influenza is a serious public health issue, as it can cause acute suffering and even death, social disruption, and economic loss. Effective forecasting of influenza outpatient visits is beneficial to anticipate and prevent medical resource shortages. This study uses regional data on influenza outpatient visits to propose a two-dimensional hierarchical decision tree scheme for forecasting influenza outpatient visits. The Taiwan weekly influenza outpatient visit data were collected from the national infectious disease statistics system and used for an empirical example. The 788 data points start in the first week of 2005 and end in the second week of 2020. The empirical results revealed that the proposed forecasting scheme outperformed five competing models and was able to forecast one to four weeks of anticipated influenza outpatient visits. The scheme may be an effective and promising alternative for forecasting one to four steps (weeks) ahead of nationwide influenza outpatient visits in Taiwan. Our results also suggest that, for forecasting nationwide influenza outpatient visits in Taiwan, one- and two-time lag information and regional information from the Taipei, North, and South regions are significant.

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Efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of an oral influenza vaccine: a placebo-controlled and active-controlled phase 2 human challenge study

Cited by 82 publications

References 15 publications

A single dose of an adenovirus-vectored vaccine provides protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge

A single dose of an adenovirus-vectored vaccine provides protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge

The Long Road Toward COVID-19 Herd Immunity: Vaccine Platform Technologies and Mass Immunization Strategies

Forecasting Weekly Influenza Outpatient Visits Using a Two-Dimensional Hierarchical Decision Tree Scheme

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