Efficacy and Safety of Xingnaojing Injection for Emergency Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Wang, Liuding; Fan, Xueming; Chen, Yifan; Liang, Xiao; Shen, Wei; Zhang, Yunling

doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.839305

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 82 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Traditional Chinese herbs have the advantages of being multicentric, multitargeted, holistically regulated, and having few side effects in the treatment of AIS ( Fan et al, 2020 ; Li et al, 2022b ; Ye et al, 2022 ) Several meta-analyses and systematic evaluations of proprietary herbal compound preparations have shown significant effects on the degree of neurological deficits, the speed of neurological recovery, and the ability to perform activities of daily living in patients with AIS ( Lyu et al, 2020a ; 2020b ; Liu et al, 2021 ; Tian et al, 2021 ; Wang et al, 2022c ). Recent pharmacological studies have found that Chinese herbal medicine can treat AIS through several mechanisms, including protecting neurological function, promoting microvascular regeneration, and improving energy metabolism in ischemic cells.…”

Section: Chinese Herbal Medicine For Ais Has Advantagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota, a hidden protagonist of traditional Chinese medicine for acute ischemic stroke

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is one of the leading diseases causing death and disability worldwide, and treatment options remain very limited. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been used for thousands of years to treat ischemic stroke and has been proven to have significant efficacy, but its mechanism of action is still unclear. As research related to the brain-gut-microbe axis progresses, there is increasing evidence that the gut microbiota plays an important role during AIS. The interaction between TCM and the gut microbiota has been suggested as a possible key link to the therapeutic effects of TCM. We have compiled and reviewed recent studies on the relationship between AIS, TCM, and gut microbiota, with the expectation of providing more ideas to elucidate the mechanism of action of TCM in the treatment of AIS.

show abstract

Section: Chinese Herbal Medicine For Ais Has Advantagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota, a hidden protagonist of traditional Chinese medicine for acute ischemic stroke

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Baihu Decoction (BHD) is a type of herbal decoction that is used as an antipyretic medicine with the famous effects of removing heat and promoting the production of body fluids and was first recorded in the Shanghan Lun ( Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases ) ( Wang et al, 2022a ). BHD, also known as White Tiger Decoction, has been extensively used in the early stage of acute infection and inflammation.…”

Section: Herbal Formulas Of Tcm Against Hsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine on heat stroke

Li,

Wang,

Chen

et al. 2023

Front. Pharmacol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As global warming progresses, heat waves are becoming increasingly frequent and intense, meanwhile the incidence of heat stroke (HS) has increased sharply during the past decades. HS is typically associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and there is an urgent need for further research to solve this difficult issue. There currently exists difficulties regarding on-site emergency treatment methods and limited in-hospital treatment approaches, and better treatments are required as soon as possible. Theories and therapies from various traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) academic groups have been widely reported. Therefore, an exploration of prevention and protection methods should consider TCM experiences as an alternative. This article primarily reviews TCM herbal therapies and external therapies that have been described in various clinical reports and demonstrated in relevant studies. Herbal therapies, including herbal formulas, Chinese patent medicines (CPMs), single Chinese herbs, and associated extracts or monomers, are summarized based on the shared perspectives of the underlying mechanisms from TCM. In addition, external therapies including acupuncture, bloodletting, cupping, Gua sha and Tui na that have rarely been rarely mentioned and considered in most cases, are introduced and discussed to offer a unique perspective in the search for novel interventions for HS. In summary, TCM may provide abundant potential clinical benefits and research directions in the fight against HS.

show abstract

“…Xingnaojing injection (XNJ) is the only Chinese herbal injection approved for emergency treatment of stroke in China [ 130 ]. In the treatment of ischemic stroke, XNJ results in a significantly better overall response rate and better improvement of clinical symptoms than conventional treatment alone [ 130 , 131 ]. In addition, XNJ can be used alone or as an adjuvant therapy to reduce brain damage and improve nerve health for the treatment of acute cerebral hemorrhage [ 132 ] and traumatic craniocerebral injury [ 133 , 134 ].…”

Section: Research On Formulas Containing Both Cinnabar and Realgarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Rational Application of Cinnabar, Realgar, and Their Formulations

Guan

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ethnopharmacological Relevance. Mineral medicines are widely used traditional Chinese medicines with curative effects. These medicines are used for many refractory diseases. Aim of the Review. In this review, cinnabar (HgS) and realgar (As₂S₂) serve as examples of mineral medicines, and their pharmacology, therapeutic toxicity, use in traditional medicine mixtures, and research perspectives are discussed. Materials and Methods. A search was performed for the literature on cinnabar and realgar in PubMed, the Chinese Pharmacopeia, Google, and other sources. The search included studies using single herbs, traditional formulations, or novel dosage forms. Results. Cinnabar and cinnabar formulas exhibit good efficacy for sedation, sleep improvement, anxiety alleviation, and brain protection. However, previous studies on neurotransmitters have reached different conclusions, and detailed pharmacological mechanisms are lacking. Realgar and its formulas exert promising antitumor activity through regulation of cell cycle arrest, intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis, induction of differentiation, autophagy, metabolic reprogramming, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) signaling, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. In addition, realgar can be used to treat a variety of refractory diseases by regulating immunity and exerting antibacterial, antiviral, and other effects. However, the existing pharmacological research on the use of realgar for epidemic prevention is insufficient, and animal experiments and research at the cellular level are lacking. Inappropriate applications of cinnabar and realgar can cause toxicity, including neurotoxicity, liver toxicity, kidney toxicity, and genotoxicity. The toxicological mechanism is complex, and molecular-level research is limited. For clinical applications, theory and clinical experience must be combined to guide scientific and rational drug use and to achieve reduced toxicity and increased efficacy through the use of modern preparation methods or combined drugs. Notably, when cinnabar and realgar are used to treat targeted diseases, these agents have a bidirectional effect of “treatment” and “toxicity” on the central nervous system in pathological and normal states. The pharmacological and toxicological mechanisms need to be elucidated in greater detail in the future. Overall, systematic research is needed to provide a basis for better promotion of the rational use of cinnabar and realgar in the clinic. Conclusion. Mineral medicines are multicomponent, multiactivity, and multitargeted substances. The pharmacology and mechanisms of the toxicity and action of realgar and cinnabar are extremely complex. A number of Chinese medicinal preparations of realgar and cinnabar have demonstrated unique efficacy in the treatment of refractory diseases.

show abstract

Efficacy and Safety of Xingnaojing Injection for Emergency Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 8 publications

References 82 publications

Gut microbiota, a hidden protagonist of traditional Chinese medicine for acute ischemic stroke

Gut microbiota, a hidden protagonist of traditional Chinese medicine for acute ischemic stroke

Therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine on heat stroke

Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Rational Application of Cinnabar, Realgar, and Their Formulations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About