Efficacy and Safety of Vitamin D Supplementation to Prevent COVID-19 in Frontline Healthcare Workers. A Randomized Clinical Trial

Villasís‐Keever, Miguel Angel; López-Alarcón, Mardia; Novales, María Guadalupe Miranda; Zurita‐Cruz, Jessie Nallely; Barradas-Vázquez, Aly S.; González-Ibarra, Joaquín; Martínez-Reyes, Monserrat; Grajales-Muñiz, Concepción; Santacruz-Tinoco, Clara Esperanza; Martinez-Miguel, Bernardo; Maldonado-Hernández, Jorge; Cifuentes-González, Yazmín; Klünder‐Klünder, Miguel; Garduño-Espinosa, J; López-Martínez, Briseida; Parra-Ortega, Israel

doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2022.04.003

Cited by 59 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…22 Very recently, a Phase 2 RCT conducted in 321 Mexican healthcare workers reported a large protective effect of daily oral vitamin D supplementation against COVID-19 (relative risk 0.23, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.55). 23 However, Phase 3 clinical trials of prophylactic vitamin D to reduce incidence and severity of COVID-19 are lacking, as are studies comparing effectiveness of different doses of vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of ARIs of any cause among adults. There is also a lack of studies designed to evaluate the effectiveness of practical approaches to identification and treatment of vitamin D deficiency at scale in the general population to improve health outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Supplements for Prevention of COVID-19 or other Acute Respiratory Infections: a Phase 3 Randomised Controlled Trial (CORONAVIT)

Jolliffe

Holt

Greenig

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D metabolites support innate immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and other respiratory pathogens. Randomized controlled trials of vitamin D to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) have not yet reported. METHODS: We randomly assigned 6200 U.K. adults to receive an offer of a postal finger-prick 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) test with provision of a 6-month supply of higher-dose vitamin D (3200 IU/d, n=1550) or lower-dose vitamin D (800 IU/d, n=1550) to those with blood 25(OH)D concentration <75 nmol/L, vs. no offer of testing or supplementation (n=3100). The primary outcome was the proportion of participants experiencing at least one swab test- or doctor-confirmed acute respiratory infection (ARI) of any cause at six months. Secondary outcomes included incidence of swab test-confirmed Covid-19. RESULTS: Of 3100 participants offered testing, 2958 (95.4%) accepted, and 2690 (86.8%) had 25(OH)D <75 nmol/L and were sent vitamin D supplements (1356 higher-dose, 1334 lower-dose). 76 (5.0%) vs. 87 (5.7%) vs. 136 (4.6%) participants in higher-dose vs. lower-dose vs. no-offer groups experienced at least one ARI of any cause (odds ratio [OR] for higher-dose vs. no-offer 1.09, 95% CI 0.82-1.46; lower-dose vs. no-offer 1.26, 0.96-1.66). 45 (3.0%) vs. 55 (3.6%) vs. 78 (2.6%) participants in higher-dose vs. lower-dose vs. no-offer groups developed Covid-19 (OR for higher-dose vs. no-offer 1.13, 0.78-1.63; lower-dose vs. no-offer 1.39, 0.98-1.97). CONCLUSIONS: Among adults with a high baseline prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency, implementation of a test-and-treat approach to vitamin D replacement did not reduce risk of all-cause ARI or Covid-19.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Supplements for Prevention of COVID-19 or other Acute Respiratory Infections: a Phase 3 Randomised Controlled Trial (CORONAVIT)

Jolliffe

Holt

Greenig

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The benefit of vitamin D supplements in preventing acute respiratory tract infections was observed via a meta-analysis of 11,321 participants and other reviews [23][24][25][26][27]. The possibility of decreasing the risk of respiratory tract infections, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), may contribute to several immune pathways, such as stimulating antiviral mechanisms, reducing proinflammatory cytokines, modulating concentrations of ACE2, and decreasing the chances of endothelial dysfunction [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Vitamin D in SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Acute Kidney Injury

Hsieh

Hsiao

Liao

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vitamin D has been described as an essential nutrient and hormone, which can cause nuclear, non-genomic, and mitochondrial effects. Vitamin D not only controls the transcription of thousands of genes, directly or indirectly through the modulation of calcium fluxes, but it also influences the cell metabolism and maintenance specific nuclear programs. Given its broad spectrum of activity and multiple molecular targets, a deficiency of vitamin D can be involved in many pathologies. Vitamin D deficiency also influences mortality and multiple outcomes in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Active and native vitamin D serum levels are also decreased in critically ill patients and are associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) and in-hospital mortality. In addition to regulating calcium and phosphate homeostasis, vitamin D-related mechanisms regulate adaptive and innate immunity. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections have a role in excessive proinflammatory cell recruitment and cytokine release, which contribute to alveolar and full-body endothelial damage. AKI is one of the most common extrapulmonary manifestations of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). There are also some correlations between the vitamin D level and COVID-19 severity via several pathways. Proper vitamin D supplementation may be an attractive therapeutic strategy for AKI and has the benefits of low cost and low risk of toxicity and side effects.

show abstract

“…We compared the year 2020 with 2021 and, we found that there was an significantly increase in Vit-D levels in 2021 compared to 2020 (p<.001). In various randomized controlled and observational studies, it has been emphasized that the use of various types and amounts of Vit-D supplements may have a protective effect from COVID-19 [33][34][35][36][37]. Therefore, this rising in Vit-D levels suggested that it may be due to the increase in the use of Vit-D supplements, as it may be protective against COVID-19 or reduce its side effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical modeling and projection of Vitamin D levels before and during COVID-19: A cross-sectional study including 86.772 samples

Arayıcı

Korkut-Uysal

Leblebici

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective Vitamin D (Vit-D) defined as a steroid hormone produced in the body by exposure of the human skin to UV (ultraviolet) B rays and has important roles in calcium and phosphorus metabolism as well as bone mineralization. In this study, it was aimed to examine Vit-D deficiency not only biologically but also mathematically and produce a mathematical model to determine the level of Vit-D as long as the COVID-19 measures continue. Methods In this study included 86.772 patients samples. Vit-D levels has a wave-curved form with stochasticity in essence. A mathematical modeling has been made for such a curve and this model has been defined. For describing the model MATLAB Curve fitting Toolbox has been used. SSE has been optimized by the Trust-Region algorithm where all the other parameters are selected as default. Results There is no significant difference between sexs according to Vit-D levels (p > .05). It was determined that Vit-D levels were significantly higher in the summer months and lower in the winter months (p < .001). When comparing the spring months, Vit-D levels in 2020 were found to be significantly lower than in 2019 (p < .001); on the contrary, when examined on the basis of summer, autumn, and winter months, it was determined that Vit-D levels increased in 2020 compared to 2019 (p < .001). Conclusion Restrictions, partial or complete closures, and curfews can significantly affect individuals' Vit-D levels during the COVID-19 outbreak. There is a need for multicenter studies with larger populations covering different regions to strengthen and support our results.

show abstract

Efficacy and Safety of Vitamin D Supplementation to Prevent COVID-19 in Frontline Healthcare Workers. A Randomized Clinical Trial

Cited by 59 publications

References 28 publications

Vitamin D Supplements for Prevention of COVID-19 or other Acute Respiratory Infections: a Phase 3 Randomised Controlled Trial (CORONAVIT)

Vitamin D Supplements for Prevention of COVID-19 or other Acute Respiratory Infections: a Phase 3 Randomised Controlled Trial (CORONAVIT)

The Role of Vitamin D in SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Acute Kidney Injury

Mathematical modeling and projection of Vitamin D levels before and during COVID-19: A cross-sectional study including 86.772 samples

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About