Efficacy and Safety Curcuma zadoaria L. to Inactivate the Hydatid Cyst Protoscoleces

Abstract

Background: The present work aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of Curcuma zadoaria essential oil and to investigate its efficacy and safety against hydatid cyst protoscoleces. Methods: Collected protoscoleces from liver fertile hydatid cysts of infected sheep were exposed to different concentrations of the essential oil (75, 150, 300 μl/mL) for 5-30 min in vitro and ex vivo. Then, by using the eosin exclusion assay, the viability of protoscoleces was studied. In the next step, 24 male NMRI mice were examined to assess the toxicity of C. zadoaria essential oil by measuring the biochemical and hematological parameters. Results: Based on the obtained results, the LD50 value of intraperitoneal injection of the C. zadoaria essential oil was 1.76 mL/kg of body weight and the maximum non-fatal dose was 0.96 mL/kg of body weight. C. zadoaria essential oil had a strong proto scolicidal activity in vitro so that at the 300 and 150 μl/ml entirely eliminates the parasite after 5 and 10 minutes; whereas, weak proto scolicidal activity was observed at lower doses. Ex vivo assay, no similar effect with in vitro was observed, therefore, more time is required to show a potent proto scolicidal activity. C. zadoaria essential oil at the concentrations of 300 and 150 μl/mL after an exposure time of 7 and 12 min, killed 100% of protoscoleces within the hydatid cyst, respectively. After intraperitoneal injection of the C. zadoaria essential oil for 2 weeks, no significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed in the clinical chemistry and hematologic parameters at the doses of 0.15, 0.3, 0.6 mL/kg. Conclusion: The obtained results in vitro and ex vivo exhibited that C. zadoaria essential oil had a favorable proto scolicidal activity on hydatid cyst protoscoleces. However, more supplementary works are required to verify these findings by assessing clinical subjects.

The loop-mediated isothermal amplification technique to determine T. gondii infection in women with spontaneous abortion

“…30,5,17 However, the difference between the serological tests and LAMP for the detection of acute infection may be affected by some factors, including the short duration of parasitemia and the low numbers of trophozoites circulating in peripheral blood, which can cause a sampling error that will create false-negative results in such cases. [31][32][33][34][35] Among the demographic and risk factors studied in the present investigation, such as age, residence, education, contact with cats, etc, a significant correlation was only observed between age (<25 yrs) and positivity to T. gondii (p=0.017). However, there is no significant association between other risk our results, there was no significant association between some risk factors such as contact with cats and positivity to T. gondii in women who had spontaneously aborted.…”

Green synthesis and characterization of copper nanoparticles and their effects on liver function and hematological parameters in mice

“…Since recent studies have shown that CuNPs possess a wide range of biological activities [16], we decided to evaluate its toxicity and hepatoprotective effects in mice model. Recent studies have shown that liver enzyme measurement is one of the key diagnostic tests to evaluate the liver function and also inflammations and damage such as hepatitis and cirrhosis [8,10]. CuNPs, because of their high surface-to-volume ratio are extremely reactive and simply interact with other particles.…”

“…Previous reviews on laboratory animals have demonstrated that liver is considered as the key target tissue of drug toxicity. Hence, assessing the function of this organ is among very important methods to determine drug toxicity [8]. Nowadays, one of the main criteria to determine the liver damage is measuring serum levels of enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and bilirubin [9- .…”

Introduction To Echinococcosis and A Review of Treatment Panels

“…The highest scolicidal activity of Nigella sativa was noted at concentrations of 100 mg/ml and 10 mg/ml after 30 and 60 minutes exposure, respectively, while P. granatum showed its highest efficacy at a concentration of 100 mg/ml after 120 minutes of exposure. Essential oil of Curcuma zadoaria (white turmeric) showed remarkably high scolicidal activity against protoscoleces at 300 and 150 µl/ml concentration and could eliminate parasites after exposure of 5 and 10 minutes, respectively in vitro (Mahmoudvand et al 2020). Similarly, essential oil of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (true cinnamon) and cinnamaldehyde exhibited dose and time-dependent efficacy against protoscoleces, with the maximum efficacy was found at 50 μg/ml of cinnamaldehyde.…”