Abstract:Background. Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) has a supernal morbidity rate in elderly females. Objective. To appraise the effects of oleuropein on bone densitometry, bone metabolic index, oxidative stress, and inflammatory index in PMOP. In addition, the mechanism of olive bittersweet preventing bone loss was explored. Methods. We grouped 80 salubrious female Sprague-Dawley rats into four teams: (1) sham operation team (sham,
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“…Other studies reported that OLE, HTyr, and olive mill wastewater extracts elicited beneficial effects on femur bone mineral density and improved inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in an experimental model of senile osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy associated with an acute inflammation in rats [ 305 , 306 ]. More recently, a beneficial effect of OLE on bone mineral density of lumbar vertebra and left femur of ovariectomized rats was also reported by Liu et al (2022) [ 307 ]. Moreover, OLE could reduce the serum levels of IL-6 and malondialdeyde (a marker of lipid oxidation).…”
Section: Protective Effects Of Htyr and Ole Against Skeletal Muscle D...supporting
Aging is a multi-faceted process caused by the accumulation of cellular damage over time, associated with a gradual reduction of physiological activities in cells and organs. This degeneration results in a reduced ability to adapt to homeostasis perturbations and an increased incidence of illnesses such as cognitive decline, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, and skeletal muscle pathologies. Key features of aging include a chronic low-grade inflammation state and a decrease of the autophagic process. The Mediterranean diet has been associated with longevity and ability to counteract the onset of age-related disorders. Extra virgin olive oil, a fundamental component of this diet, contains bioactive polyphenolic compounds as hydroxytyrosol (HTyr) and oleuropein (OLE), known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. This review is focused on brain, skeletal muscle, and gut microbiota, as these systems are known to interact at several levels. After the description of the chemistry and pharmacokinetics of HTyr and OLE, we summarize studies reporting their effects in in vivo and in vitro models of neurodegenerative diseases of the central/peripheral nervous system, adult neurogenesis and depression, senescence and lifespan, and age-related skeletal muscle disorders, as well as their impact on the composition of the gut microbiota.
“…Other studies reported that OLE, HTyr, and olive mill wastewater extracts elicited beneficial effects on femur bone mineral density and improved inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in an experimental model of senile osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy associated with an acute inflammation in rats [ 305 , 306 ]. More recently, a beneficial effect of OLE on bone mineral density of lumbar vertebra and left femur of ovariectomized rats was also reported by Liu et al (2022) [ 307 ]. Moreover, OLE could reduce the serum levels of IL-6 and malondialdeyde (a marker of lipid oxidation).…”
Section: Protective Effects Of Htyr and Ole Against Skeletal Muscle D...supporting
Aging is a multi-faceted process caused by the accumulation of cellular damage over time, associated with a gradual reduction of physiological activities in cells and organs. This degeneration results in a reduced ability to adapt to homeostasis perturbations and an increased incidence of illnesses such as cognitive decline, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, and skeletal muscle pathologies. Key features of aging include a chronic low-grade inflammation state and a decrease of the autophagic process. The Mediterranean diet has been associated with longevity and ability to counteract the onset of age-related disorders. Extra virgin olive oil, a fundamental component of this diet, contains bioactive polyphenolic compounds as hydroxytyrosol (HTyr) and oleuropein (OLE), known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. This review is focused on brain, skeletal muscle, and gut microbiota, as these systems are known to interact at several levels. After the description of the chemistry and pharmacokinetics of HTyr and OLE, we summarize studies reporting their effects in in vivo and in vitro models of neurodegenerative diseases of the central/peripheral nervous system, adult neurogenesis and depression, senescence and lifespan, and age-related skeletal muscle disorders, as well as their impact on the composition of the gut microbiota.
“…Currently, research aimed at studying osteogenesis disorders associated with oxidative stress is a promising direction for the development of therapeutic strategies using various compounds with antioxidant properties, including antioxidants of plant origin [69][70][71][72][73]. New mechanisms of osteoporosis that depend on redox processes are discussed, such as ferroptosis of osteocytes and osteoblasts as a result of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation that occurs in diabetes mellitus.…”
Osteoporosis is a widespread systemic disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass and an imbalance of the microarchitecture of bone tissue. Experimental and clinical studies devoted to investigating the main pathogenetic mechanisms of osteoporosis revealed the important role of estrogen deficiency, inflammation, oxidative stress, cellular senescence, and epigenetic factors in the development of bone resorption due to osteoclastogenesis, and decreased mineralization of bone tissue and bone formation due to reduced function of osteoblasts caused by apoptosis and age-depended differentiation of osteoblast precursors into adipocytes. The current review was conducted to describe the basic mechanisms of the development of osteoporosis at molecular and cellular levels and to elucidate the most promising therapeutic strategies of pathogenetic therapy of osteoporosis based on articles cited in PubMed up to September 2023.
Background: A previous work has discovered that LRP5 and LRP6 locus are linked to the risk of ABM in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to investigate the role of LRP5-LRP6 SNP and gene-gene and gene-environment interactions in the development of ABM in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus .
Methods:A total of 272 postmenopausal women, comprising 166 patients with abnormal bone mass (ABM) and 106 controls with normal bone mass, were recruited based on BMD results. BMD of the lumbar spine 1-4 (L1-4) and femoral neck (FN) was measured by dual-energy X-ray (DEXA), and polymorphisms and gene frequency distributions of LRP5 rs2306862, rs41494349, and LRP6 rs10743980, rs2302685 were determined by time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).
Results:1) Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of ABM was higher for the CT and CT/TT genotypes than for the CC genotype at the rs2306862 locus of the LRP5 gene (OR=2.353, 95%CI=1.039-6.186; OR=2.434, 95%CI=1.071, 5.531; P<0.05). TC genotype at the rs2302685 locus of the LRP6 gene has a higher risk of ABM than TT genotype (OR=2.951, 95%CI=1.030-8.457, P<0.05). 2) Polymorphisms at the rs2306862&rs10743980, rs41494349&rs2302685&rs10743980 SNPs were synergistic with the development of ABM and were risk factors for the development of ABM (P<0.05). Polymorphisms at rs2306862, rs2302685, rs41494349&rs2302685& rs10743980 SNPs were synergistic with the occurrence of ABM and were risk factors for the occurrence of ABM (P<0.05). There was an interaction between gene polymorphism & age at each locus at menopause and the occurrence of ABM (P>0.05).
Conclusion:These findings indicate that LRP5-rs2306862 and LRP6-rs2302685 polymorphisms, gene-gene, and gene-age interactions are associated with an increased risk of ABM in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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