Efficacité et équité des contrats de conservation à Madagascar.

Randrianarison, Mino; Karpe, Philippe

doi:10.3917/med.151.0083

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Above all, they enjoy legal status in private law, on an associative basis [63]. In contrast to an NGO, however, the VOIs can have a profit-making objective and can conduct income-generating activities [64]. These activities must respond to the two-fold objective of the sustainable development and conservation of natural resources, which is formalised through the VOI Management and Organisation Plan and the Communal Development Plans for the communes [23].…”

Section: Mariarano and Betsako Bcpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protecting Traditional Knowledge through Biocultural Community Protocols in Madagascar: Do Not Forget the “B” in BCP

Rakotondrabe

Girard

2021

Sustainability

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As in many other countries in the south, the traditional knowledge (TK) of local communities in Madagascar is facing extinction. Biocultural community protocols (BCP), introduced in Madagascar following the implementation of the Nagoya Protocol (2010) and defined by the Mo’otz Kuxtal Voluntary Guidelines as “a wide range of expressions, articulations, rules and practices produced by communities to indicate how they wish to engage in negotiations with stakeholders”, holds out hopes for TK protection. By analysing two pilot BCPs in Madagascar, one established around the Motrobe (Cinnamosma fragrans) with a view to strengthening the existing value chain (BCP in Mariarano and Betsako) and the second initially established around plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (BCP of the farmers in Analavory), this study aims to assess the place and value ascribed to TK in the overall BCP development process and to analyse whether or not the process has helped to strengthen and revitalise TK at the community level. The ethnographic studies show commonalities in both BCP, in particular their main focus on access and benefit-sharing mechanisms, this against the backdrop of an economic model which stresses the importance of financial and institutional incentives; and conversely, a relative disregard for what relates to the biocultural dimension of TK. Local taboos (fady) as well as traditional dina (social conventions), which have long allowed for the regulation of access to common resources/TK, are scarcely mentioned. Based on these findings, we conclude that in order to revitalise TK, the process of developing BCPs should recognise and give special importance to TK, considering it as a biocultural whole, bound together with the territory, local customs, and biological resources; or else, TK is likely to remain a commodity to be valued economically, or a component like any other.

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Section: Mariarano and Betsako Bcpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protecting Traditional Knowledge through Biocultural Community Protocols in Madagascar: Do Not Forget the “B” in BCP

Rakotondrabe

Girard

2021

Sustainability

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“…En effet, les PSE ne sont pas inscrits au sein d'une politique publique, à l'instar du Costa Rica ou du Brésil (Randrianarison et Karpe, 2010), mais sont généralement portés par des organismes de conservation de la nature (Cahen-Fourot, 2011). Dans ce contexte, les coûts de transaction sont particulière-ment conséquents et les besoins immédiats ou les aspirations des ménages exploitants fournisseurs de services environnementaux ne sont que très rarement appréciés à leur juste valeur.…”

Section: Blocages Institutionnelsunclassified

Les paiements pour services environnementaux : un moyen de contenir les cultures sur brûlis forestier à Madagascar ?

Rakotondrabe¹,

Aubert²,

Razafiarijaona³

et al. 2014

Bois for. trop.

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“…More than 50% of farmers' labour time can be spent controlling weeds (Le Bourgeois & Marnotte, 2005; Ogwuike et al, 2014; Waddington et al, 2010). In Madagascar, agriculture is the principal means of subsistence with 60% of the agricultural production for household self‐consumption (Randrianarison et al, 2009; World Bank Group, 2017), and yield loss is particularly damaging at a household level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local perceptions of the benefits versus negative impacts of weedy grasses in central Madagascar, with a focus on the genus Digitaria

Randrianarimanana,

Rakotomalala,

MacKinnon

et al. 2024

Plants People Planet

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Societal Impact StatementPlants and agricultural practices are an integral part of human food systems and well‐being. Here, an example of an ethnobotanical research approach is provided to increase our understanding of the relationship between plants and human activities in Madagascar, where the agricultural sector is the local economy basis. This research examines weeds of the Poaceae family, assessing their recognition and societal impacts, and quantifying farmers' perception of the Poaceae weed's status in cropping systems. A better understanding of farmers' weed knowledge will strengthen our ability to inclusively support rural highland Malagasy food systems, incorporating science with traditional knowledge.Summary Research on the perceptions and knowledge of Poaceae weeds was conducted in three areas of Madagascar's central highlands: Itremo massif, Ambohidray village and Vakinankaratra region. This work aims to identify the best‐known species and understand their roles in crop and livestock systems. Additionally, it presents detailed data on Digitaria species. The approach was based on field surveys and farmer's interviews, with plant voucher specimens and photographs to facilitate identification. Relative frequency of citations, confidence interval, and use values indexes were calculated to assess cultural significance. We carried out 111 interviews, where 87 taxa were mentioned, of which 51 are Poaceae, including 11 Digitaria species. Farmers classify the Poaceae weeds in three ways: their impacts on agricultural activities, use category and vegetative growth patterns, the latter especially significant for Digitaria. Locally common grasses are perceived as weeds when they are abundant and cause yield loss. The most damaging species is Digitaria humbertii, confirmed by half of the interviews. More than 40% of the farmers use Poaceae weeds in composting, more than 20% as fodder, and more than 8% as medicine. Overall, 67% of the species mentioned are judged useful. The diversity of useful species and the associated indigenous knowledge is important to the local communities, but, weeds are still perceived as negative generally. The Poaceae are overall neglected in Malagasy ethnobotany, and an in‐depth analysis of farmer knowledge is needed. The data obtained will be useful for future studies and the conservation of agrobiodiversity, especially endemic species that are not widely known.

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Efficacité et équité des contrats de conservation à Madagascar.

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Protecting Traditional Knowledge through Biocultural Community Protocols in Madagascar: Do Not Forget the “B” in BCP

Protecting Traditional Knowledge through Biocultural Community Protocols in Madagascar: Do Not Forget the “B” in BCP

Les paiements pour services environnementaux : un moyen de contenir les cultures sur brûlis forestier à Madagascar ?

Local perceptions of the benefits versus negative impacts of weedy grasses in central Madagascar, with a focus on the genus Digitaria

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