Effets du refroidissement et de la stimulation des noyaux du systeme du raphe sur les etats de vigilance chez le chat

Cespuglio, Raymond; Gomez, M.E; Walker, Elizabeth Reisinger; Jouvet, Michel

doi:10.1016/0013-4694(79)90281-5

Cited by 66 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The decrease in NREM sleep, the brief, transitory increase in REM sleep, and the narcoleptic-like alterations of REM sleep observed after RDN lesions, as well as the slight decrease pf REM sleep after RPN lesions, confirm previously reported data (11,12,16). These data demonstrated that the raphe nuclei are specifically involved in the control of sleep phases, with NREM sleep controlled mainly by the anterior group, including RDN (11, 19), and REM sleep by the posterior group (11,12,16).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Although the anatomic site of AVT action is probably located around a space of the third ventricle of the brain, including the pineal recess and the entry into the cerebral aqueduct (4), the precise location of this "site of action" as well as its relationship to the specific raphe nuclei is unknown. Since the raphe dorsalis nucleus (RDN) is located near the most active site at which AVT injections induce sleep-wake alterations (4,5), and since the RDN lesions produce sleep modifications (11,12,16) that are opposed to those reported for AVT itself (5), we investigated the influence of such lesions on the hypnogenic effects of AVT. Additionally, since lesions placed in the raphe pontis nucleus (RPN) produce only slight quantitative alterations on sleep (11,16), we investigated the influence of RPN lesions on the same hypnogenic effects of AVT.…”

Section: Institutes Of *Endocrinology and Tneurology And Psychiatry mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sleep in the Cat: Raphe Dorsalis and Vasotocin

Goldstein

Psatta

1984

Sleep

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Summary: To determine the relationship between the raphe nuclei and the sleepinducing pineal peptide arginine vasotocin (AVT), we investigated the hypnogenic effects of intraventricularly administered AVT in adult cats with electrolytic lesions performed either in the raphe dorsalis nucleus (RON) or the raphe pontis nucleus (RPN). The following results were observed: (a) RON lesions produced a quantitative decrease in NREM sleep and a transitory increase in REM sleep and narcoleptic-like alterations of REM sleep in the first 2-5 postoperative days. On the eighth postoperative day, normal (prelesion) sleep parameters were restored. (b) RON lesions prevented AVT from inducing its hypnogenic effects during the first 5 postoperative days, but the AVT hypnogenic effects reappeared when sleep parameters reached prelesion levels. (c) Although the RPN lesions produced a slight but statistically significant REM sleep decrease, this did not prevent AVT from inducing its hypnogenic effects. We conclude that (a) the anatomic site of AVT action within the brain may be related to RON; (b) at least some of the sleep disturbances observed after RDN lesions (narcolepsy) may be due to damage of the AVT site of action or to modifications of AVT synthesis or release; (c) RON belongs to a large neural circuit that includes the pineal gland and habenula, a circuit that may play an important role in the sleep-wake cycle by "fine-tuning" sleep mechanisms. We hypothesize that AVT could be the specific inhibitory neuromodulator of this neural circuit. Key Words: Vasotocin---NREM sleep---REM sleep---Raphe dorsalis-Raphe pontis.The pineal nonapeptide hormone arginine vasotocin (AVT) is synthesized by specialized ependymal cells from the pineal recess and subcommissural organ (1) and released into cerebrospinal fluid in man during REM sleep (2,3) and in the cat after lateral habenula lesions (4). The effects of AVT on mammalian sleep are controversial, results varying from an enhancement of NREM sleep and a suppression of REM sleep in cats (5) to an increase of REM sleep in man (6), and from a reduction of REM sleep latency (7) or reduction in the power of the delta band of electrocorticograms (8) to reduction of REM sleep in the light-phase (9,10) and suppression of REM sleep in the dark-phase of the 24 h period (9) in the rat. The serotonin-containing neurons, for which involvement in the sleep-wake cycle

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Institutes Of *Endocrinology and Tneurology And Psychiatry mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep in the Cat: Raphe Dorsalis and Vasotocin

Goldstein

Psatta

1984

Sleep

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“…However, the 5-HT-sleep connection was strongly contradicted by data on the activity of the DRN, in that the activity of DRN neurons was greatest during wakefulness, considerably lower during NREM sleep, and completely abolished during REM sleep [4-9]. Also, the cooling of raphe neurons induced sleep [32,33]. Thus, it is still very controversial how and where 5-HT participates in this modulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of sleep disorders under pain using an optogenetic tool: possible involvement of the activation of dorsal raphe nucleus-serotonergic neurons

et al. 2013

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BackgroundSeveral etiological reports have shown that chronic pain significantly interferes with sleep. Inadequate sleep due to chronic pain may contribute to the stressful negative consequences of living with pain. However, the neurophysiological mechanism by which chronic pain affects sleep-arousal patterns is as yet unknown. Although serotonin (5-HT) was proposed to be responsible for sleep regulation, whether the activity of 5-HTergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is affected by chronic pain has been studied only infrequently. On the other hand, the recent development of optogenetic tools has provided a valuable opportunity to regulate the activity in genetically targeted neural populations with high spatial and temporal precision. In the present study, we investigated whether chronic pain could induce sleep dysregulation while changing the activity of DRN-5-HTergic neurons. Furthermore, we sought to physiologically activate the DRN with channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) to identify a causal role for the DRN-5-HT system in promoting and maintaining wakefulness using optogenetics.ResultsWe produced a sciatic nerve ligation model by tying a tight ligature around approximately one-third to one-half the diameter of the sciatic nerve. In mice with nerve ligation, we confirmed an increase in wakefulness and a decrease in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep as monitored by electroencephalogram (EEG). Microinjection of the retrograde tracer fluoro-gold (FG) into the prefrontal cortex (PFC) revealed several retrogradely labeled-cells in the DRN. The key finding of the present study was that the levels of 5-HT released in the PFC by the electrical stimulation of DRN neurons were significantly increased in mice with sciatic nerve ligation. Using optogenetic tools in mice, we found a causal relationship among DRN neuron firing, cortical activity and sleep-to-wake transitions. In particular, the activation of DRN-5-HTergic neurons produced a significant increase in wakefulness and a significant decrease in NREM sleep. The duration of NREM sleep episodes was significantly decreased during photostimulation in these mice.ConclusionsThese results suggest that neuropathic pain accelerates the activity of DRN-5-HTergic neurons. Although further loss-of-function experiments are required, we hypothesize that this activation in DRN neurons may, at least in part, correlate with sleep dysregulation under a neuropathic pain-like state.

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“…Au niveau du nRD, d'autres neurones ou éléments non sérotoninergiques sont présents. Leur rôle dans les mécanismes de déclenchement et de maintien du sommeil sont suspectés, mais restent à préciser [52]. Compte tenu de ces données expérimentales, il apparaît que la libération dendritique de 5-HT et l'intervention d'autres mécanismes non sérotoninergiques au niveau du nRD pourraient jouer un rôle important pour le déclenchement et le maintien du sommeil.…”

Section: Résultats Et Discussionunclassified

Fluorescence induite par laser sur les tissus profonds du cerveau du rat : application à l'étude du cycle veille-sommeil

Mottin

Laporte²,

Cespuglio³

et al. 1994

Ann. Phys. Fr.

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A nanosecond time resolved fluorescence, derived from the nucleus Raphe dorsalis (nRD) of the rat is reported. A single optical fiber is used for the transmission of the subnanosecond nitrogen laser pulse (337nm) and the collection of the NADH brain fluorescence at 460nm. This method also combined with polygraphic recordings, is used in animals under long-term chronic conditions and unanesthetized. Thoughout the Sleep-Wake cycle and versus the waking state (W), the NADH peak measured increases during slow wave sleep (SWS) and paradoxical sleep (PS) or during PS only. The variations observed are dependent upon the optical fiber location within the nRD. The existence of oxidation mechanisms for sleep triggering and maintenance are discussed.Resume: Un capteur chimique à fibre optique monofibre monobrin est utilisé pour transmettre le rayonnement d'excitation d'un laser azote et collecter la fluorescence liée au NADH cérébral. Cette méthode fluorimétrique couplée aux enregistrements polygraphiques est réalisée chez le rat en condition chronique long-terme. Au niveau du noyau du raphé dorsal (nRD) la fluorescence mesurée à 460nm présente une faible augmentation pour le sommeil paradoxal (SP) ainsi que dans certaines sous-structures pour le sommeil à onde lente (SL) par rapport au niveau enregistré pendant l'éveil; cette variation physiologique pourrait refléter l'activité dendritique. Ces mesures suggèrent une variation du métabolisme pendant le SP. La nature des mécanismes neurochimiques qui soustendent le SP est discutée. INTRODUCTIONLes capteurs chimiques à fibre optique (FOCS) ont commencé à apparaître à la fin des années soixante-dix sous la forme d'ajout de fibre optique à des appareils de mesure optique classique (fluorimètrie en cuvette) [1], [2]. A partir du milieu des années quatrevingt ils se sont diversifiés en plusieurs catégories: -les capteurs extrinsèques (la fibre optique restant passive); -semi-intrinsèques (la grandeur optique mesurée découle d'une reaction chimique localisée à la surface des fibres); -intrinsèques (les phénomènes de guide de lumière interviennent directement dans la mesure chimique) [3].Les secteurs d applications sont majoritairement le domaine de la chimie analytique, lié à t environnement, et le domaine biomédical.

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Effets du refroidissement et de la stimulation des noyaux du systeme du raphe sur les etats de vigilance chez le chat

Cited by 66 publications

References 37 publications

Sleep in the Cat: Raphe Dorsalis and Vasotocin

Sleep in the Cat: Raphe Dorsalis and Vasotocin

Analysis of sleep disorders under pain using an optogenetic tool: possible involvement of the activation of dorsal raphe nucleus-serotonergic neurons

Fluorescence induite par laser sur les tissus profonds du cerveau du rat : application à l'étude du cycle veille-sommeil

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