Effet du ni sur la productivité végétative et générative des plants de fraises de jardin (Fragaria × Ananassa Duch.)

Abstract

In a vegetative experiment, the effect of two concentrations of Ni in the soil of 80 and 240 mg Ni / kg on the vegetative and generative productivity of plants of three varieties of strawberries Honeoye, Troitskaya, Red Gontlet was studied. Ni soil contamination had a significant impact on the vegetative and generative productivity of strawberry plants. The degree and direction of this effect was largely dependent on the variety. When the Ni content in the soil was 80 mg / kg in plants of strawberry varieties Honeoye and Red Gauntlet, there was a tendency to an increase in leaf mass, most of all in the Honeoye variety – by 16.6 % compared to an uncontaminated fertilized background. When the Ni concentration in the soil was 240 mg / kg in Honeoye plants, the leaf mass decreased by 19.0 % relative to the uncontaminated background, while in the Troitskaya and Red Gauntlet plants, the leaf mass increased, to a maximum, in Red Gontlet plants by 57.9 %. In plants of the strawberries varieties Honeoye mass of strawberries runners when soil is polluted, Ni was decreased to the greatest extent when the content of Ni in soil is 80 mg/kg – 23.3 % relative to the background values, the varieties Troitskaya and Red Gauntlet mass of strawberries runners, it became higher, especially when the content of Ni in soil is 240 mg/kg – 24.5 % and 42.5 % of the relatively polluted background, respectively. In plants of the Honeoye variety, the number of rosettes with Ni soil contamination tended to decrease relative to the background value (maximum, by 27.0 % when the Ni content in the soil is 80 mg / kg), in the Troitskaya variety – to increase (to the greatest extent, when the Ni content in the soil is 240 mg/kg – by 220 %). In plants of the Red Gauntlet variety, the number of rosettes per plant at each of the studied levels of soil contamination with Nickel tended to decrease (by a maximum of 11.8 % with a Ni content of 80 mg/kg in the soil). The number of peduncle in plants of strawberry varieties Honeoye and Troitskaya on polluted soil tended to decrease in comparison with the background. In plants, varieties of Red Gauntlet for this parameter was an opposite trend in the contamination of soil Ni number of peduncle per plant increased relatively polluted background (maximum 60.0 % when the contamination level of 240 mg/kg). The mass of berries on one plant of Red Gauntlet strawberry with Ni soil contamination at the level of 240 mg / kg statistically significantly increased by 38.3 % relative to the non-polluted background. In plants of the Honey and Troitsky varieties, the berries mass on one plant naturally decreased compared to the non-polluted background (by 10.2 % at a Ni content of 240 mg/kg and by 44.0 % at a Ni content of 80 mg/kg, respectively). When the soil was contaminated with Ni 240 mg / kg of Red Gauntlet strawberry plants, the number of berries per plant increased by 45.3 % relative to the non-polluted background. In plants of the Honeoye and Troitskaya varieties, the number of berries per plant decreased in comparison with the non-polluted background, to the greatest extent, by 30.9 % at a content of Ni 240 mg/kg and by 29.9 % at a content of Ni 80 mg/kg, respectively.