Effects on Violence of Laws and Policies Facilitating the Transfer of Juveniles from the Juvenile Justice System to the Adult Justice System

McGowan, Angela; Hahn, Robert A.; Liberman, Akiva; Crosby, Alex E.; Fullilove, Mindy Thompson; Johnson, Robert L.; Mościcki, Eve K.; Price, LeShawndra N.; Snyder, Susan; Tuma, Farris; Lowy, Jessica; Briss, Peter A.; Cory, Stella; Stone, Glenda

doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2006.12.003

Cited by 75 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…These reviews concluded that juvenile transfer does not decrease recidivism. In fact, the Task Force on Community Preventive Services reviewed the existing research on juvenile transfer and recidivism and computed an overall effect size for the impact of transfer on recidivism (McGowan et al 2007). They found that youth in adult court were almost 34% more likely to be rearrested as compared to youth in juvenile court.…”

Section: Juvenile Transfer Recidivism and Selection Biasmentioning

confidence: 98%

Juvenile transfer and recidivism: a propensity score matching approach

Jordan

2011

Journal of Crime and Justice

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Section: Juvenile Transfer Recidivism and Selection Biasmentioning

confidence: 98%

Juvenile transfer and recidivism: a propensity score matching approach

Jordan

2011

Journal of Crime and Justice

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“…It is difficult to determine whether these differences between transferred and nontransferred juveniles reflect a true effect of transfer or merely unobserved selection bias (McGowan et al 2007;Mulvey and Schubert 2012). To address this concern, scholars have applied a regression discontinuity design.…”

Section: Prior Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Decriminalizing Delinquency: The Effect of Raising the Age of Majority on Juvenile Recidivism

Loeffler¹,

Grunwald²

2015

The Journal of Legal Studies

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In the last decade, a number of states have expanded the jurisdiction of their juvenile courts by increasing the maximum age to 18. Proponents argue that these expansions reduce crime by increasing access to the beneficial features of the juvenile justice system. Critics counter that the expansions risk increasing crime by reducing deterrence. In 2010, Illinois raised the maximum age for juvenile court for offenders who commit a misdemeanor. By examining the effect of this law on juvenile offenders in Chicago, this paper provides the first empirical estimates of the consequences of recent legislative activity to raise the age of criminal majority. Applying a difference-in-differences design with multiple control groups, we find little evidence of an effect. Our results suggest that-contrary to the expectations of both advocates and opponents-increasing the maximum age for juvenile court does not affect juvenile recidivism.

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“…Three strategies were found with sufficient evidence that they were not effective or had deleterious effects (excluded from Additional files): increased college tuition resulted in lower attendance among low income and ethnic minority populations; [23] zero tolerance policy in schools showed no improvements in school safety; [24] and transfer of juvenile offenders to adult criminal court had harmful consequences [25]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the clinic: improving child health through evidence-based community development

et al. 2013

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BackgroundPromoting child wellbeing necessarily goes beyond the clinic as risks to child health and development are embedded in the social and physical environmental conditions in which children live. Pediatricians play a vital role in promoting the health of children in the communities they serve and can maximize their impact by advocating for and supporting efficacious, evidence-based strategies in their communities.MethodsTo provide a succinct guide for community pediatric efforts to advance the wellbeing of all children and particularly disadvantaged children in a community, we conducted a theory-driven and structured narrative review to synthesize published systematic and meta-analytic reviews of policy-relevant, local-level strategies addressing potent and malleable influences on child health and development. An exhaustive list of policy-relevant, local-level strategies for improving child health was used to conduct a comprehensive search of recent (1990–2012), English language peer-reviewed published meta-analyses and systematic reviews in the 10 core databases of scientific literature. Our review of the literature encompassed six key conceptual domains of intervention foci, including distal influences of child health (i.e., income and resources, social cohesion, and physical environment) and proximal influences (i.e., family, school and peer). We examined intervention effects on four key domains of child health and development: cognitive development, social and emotional competence, psychological and behavioral wellbeing, and physical health.ResultsPublished reviews were identified for 98 distinct policy-relevant community interventions, evaluated across 288 outcomes. We classified 46 strategies as meeting scientific criteria for efficacy by having consistent, positive outcomes from high-quality trials (e.g., tenant-based rental assistance, neighborhood watch programs, urban design and land use policies, access to quality childcare services, class size reductions, after-school programs that promote personal/social skills). Another 21 strategies were classified as having consistent evidence of positive outcomes from high-quality observational studies only, while 28 strategies had insufficient evidence available to assess their effectiveness based on published reviews. We did not limit the review to studies conducted in the United States, but the vast majority of them were U.S.-based, and the results therefore are most applicable to the U.S. context.ConclusionsBased on our synthesis of published literature on community development strategies, we provide an illustration combining a comprehensive set of evidence-based strategies to promote child health and development across a wide-range of child health outcomes.

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Effects on Violence of Laws and Policies Facilitating the Transfer of Juveniles from the Juvenile Justice System to the Adult Justice System

Cited by 75 publications

References 19 publications

Juvenile transfer and recidivism: a propensity score matching approach

Juvenile transfer and recidivism: a propensity score matching approach

Decriminalizing Delinquency: The Effect of Raising the Age of Majority on Juvenile Recidivism

Beyond the clinic: improving child health through evidence-based community development

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