Effects on sea urchin fertilization and embryogenesis of water and sediment from two rivers in Campania, Italy

Pagano, Giovanni; Anselmi, Bruno; Dinnel, Paul A.; Esposito, A.; Guida, Marco; Iaccarino, Mario; Melluso, G.; Pascale, Marinella; Trieff, Norman M.

doi:10.1007/bf00230706

Cited by 39 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The ehir facilities are an exception due to their distance ( '200 km) from the coast; hence, the two holding ponds are used as dumping sites. A second, more general argument relates to the utilization of the sea urchin test system in a variety of subjects and substrates, e.g., in testing pharmaceutical drugs, industrial chemicals, and complex mixtures not con"ned to the marine environment, e.g., river sediment and industrial sludge (Pagano and Trie!, 1992;Pagano et al, 1993Pagano et al, , 2000Graillet et al, 1993;Trie! et al, 1995).…”

Section: Sea Urchin Toxicity Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of Bauxite Manufacturing By-products in Sea Urchin Embryos

Pagano

Meriç

Biase

et al. 2002

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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Section: Sea Urchin Toxicity Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of Bauxite Manufacturing By-products in Sea Urchin Embryos

Pagano

Meriç

Biase

et al. 2002

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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“…For marine environments, the reliability of the critical early stages of sea urchin as bioindicators is recognized worldwide [4–6], and standard procedures are available in some countries [7,8]. In Italy, several studies using embryo and larval stages have been carried out to study the toxicity and teratogenic activity of pure substances [9–11] and sediments [12,13], but less importance has been given to the use of gametes as biom‐onitors. Concerning toxicity tests using egg fertilization success as endpoint, most procedures are based on the exposure of sperm to a toxicant (the so‐called sperm cell test) and are a derivation of the method originally developed by Dinnel et al [14] for U.S. species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sperm cell toxicity test using sea UrchinParacentrotus lividuslamarck (Echinodermata: Echinoidea): Sensitivity and discriminatory ability toward anionic and nonionic surfactants

Ghirardini

Novelli

Likar

et al. 2001

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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A reliable sperm cell toxicity test procedure has been developed for the Mediterranean sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. The sensitivity and discriminatory ability of the test were investigated with regard to surfactants and their biotransformation products. Aromatic and aliphatic surfactants of anionic (linear alkylbenzene sulfonates [LAS]) and nonionic (alcohol polyethoxylates [AE] and nonylphenol polyethoxylates [NPE]) types and their aerobic biodegradation products, i.e., sulfophenylcarboxylates (SPC), polyethylene glycols (PEG), carboxylated polyethylene glycols (PEGC), carboxylated AE (AEC), and nonylphenol (NP), were examined in order to elucidate the influence of their molecular structure on toxicity. Experimental results reveal that the sperm cell test showed good discriminatory ability among all tested compounds, median effective concentration (EC50) values differing by about four orders of magnitude. The toxicity of anionic surfactants depends on the length of the alkyl chain and that of nonionic surfactants is due to their length and branching. Much lower toxicity was shown by aerobic biodegradation products in comparison with that of their parent compounds, with the exception of NP. The obtained EC50s were comparable with available literature data and constitute new toxicity data regarding surfactants for sea urchins.

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“…The chronic D. exenctricus growth bioassay (Casillas et al ., 1992) stands out among echinoderm tests for it has been applied to whole sediments. Meanwhile, echinoderm bioassays have been even applied to freshwater sediments (Pagano et al ., 1993) .…”

Section: Echinodermatamentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity analysis of freshwater and marine sediments with meio- and macrobenthic organisms: a review

Traunspurger

Drews

1996

Hydrobiologia

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Benthic metazoans play a key role as test organisms in toxicity analyses of aquatic ecosystems . This report gives an overview of the species of benthic metazoans used for the assessment of toxicity in freshwater and marine sediments, as well as of the criteria relevant to the choice between test species and procedures . The main applications of these organisms are mono-species bioassays, test-batteries, analyses of benthic communities and bioaccumulation studies . Sediment toxicity assays, including acute and chronic exposures, have been developed for nematodes, insects, oligochaetes, polychaetes, crustaceans, molluscs and echinoderms . At least 30 species of freshwater and 71 species of marine and estuarine benthic metazoans have thus far been used in sediment toxicity bioassays . Although aquatic pollution is a world-wide problem, most sediment toxicity bioassays have been developed for organisms native to Europe and North America . The most common bioassay endpoints are mortality, development, growth and behavioural responses . The value of genetic, biochemical, physiological and pathological responses as toxicity endpoints is currently being investigated . The quest for additional test species and protocols is still a worthwhile endeavour in sediment ecotoxicology . Abstract 215Introduction 215

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Effects on sea urchin fertilization and embryogenesis of water and sediment from two rivers in Campania, Italy

Cited by 39 publications

References 7 publications

Toxicity of Bauxite Manufacturing By-products in Sea Urchin Embryos

Toxicity of Bauxite Manufacturing By-products in Sea Urchin Embryos

Sperm cell toxicity test using sea UrchinParacentrotus lividuslamarck (Echinodermata: Echinoidea): Sensitivity and discriminatory ability toward anionic and nonionic surfactants

Toxicity analysis of freshwater and marine sediments with meio- and macrobenthic organisms: a review

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