Effects on Photosynthesis, Carbon Allocation, and Plant Growth Associated With Air Pollutant Stress

Miller, Joseph E.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-1367-7_13

Cited by 51 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…There is good evidence that ozone reduces resource allocation to the roots or other non-photosynthetic organs of crop plants (Cooley & Manning, 1987 ;Miller, 1988) but in recent years the idea has grown that ozone almost invariably reduces allocation to roots. However, experiments with a range of wild species show that the situation is much more complicated and that there are effects on allocation that are of greater ecological significance than relative mass.…”

Section: Effects On Resource Allocation and Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ozone on wild plants

1998

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Although there is a great deal of concern about the effects of human activities on biodiversity, until recently there has been very little interest in the effects of ozone on the species that constitute the major part of the flora, the diverse herbaceous and shrubby species of natural and semi-natural communities. However, many wild species have been shown to be at least as sensitive to ozone as crops that show significant yield losses, so there is a pressing need for an evaluation of the risk to wild species posed by ozone. This review attempts to assess progress and highlight problems. It begins with a comment on semantics, discusses the difficulties involved in measuring relative ozone resistance and then proceeds to consider the effects of ozone on growth and resource allocation. The evidence for evolution of resistance is appraised and then the potential effects of several interactions (cutting\grazing, competition, soil water deficit and nutrition) are considered. The review ends with some remarks on observation of oxidant-induced changes in ecosystems.

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Section: Effects On Resource Allocation and Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ozone on wild plants

1998

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“…Numerous studies indicate that O, exposure of plants (McLaughlin and McConathy, 1983;Heggestad et al, 1988;Temple et al, 1988a;Heggestad and Lee, 1990;Kostka-Rick et al, 1993;Pell et al, 1994), specifically including upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.; Oshima et al, 1979;Miller, 1988;Temple et al, 198813;Temple, 1990b), reduces plant size and commercial yield. Effects typically include reductions in leaf area, height, biomass production, and relative allocation of biomass below ground.…”

Section: Growth and Biomass Allocationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plants growing in polluted air basins are exposed to anthropogenic O, at concentrations that suppress agricultural yields (Heck et al, 1982;Lefohn et al, 1988), damage native vegetation (Skelly et al, 1983;Materna, 1984), and lead to changes in plant growth and structure (Heggestad et al, 1988;Miller, 1988;Heggestad and Lee, 1990;Temple et al, 1993). The mechanism by which tropospheric O, causes these deleterious effects on vegetation is poorly understood.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of O3 on Hydraulic Architecture in Pima Cotton (Biomass Allocation and Water Transport Capacity of Roots and Shoots)

Grantz

Yang

1996

Plant Physiology

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Pima cotton (Cossypium barbadense 1. cv S-6) exhibits foliar injury and yield reduction at ambient concentrations of O,. We tested the hypotheses that O, reduces the allocation of biomass to the root system, and that this disrupted carbohydrate allocation impairs root hydraulic capacity relative to transpiring leaf area. 60th hypotheses are supported, even though leaf area development Conductance of all organs declined per plant, but only root conductance declined per leaf area by 41 '70. Root resistance increased from 69 to 82% of whole plant resistance, a functional consequence of reduced carbon allocation to roots. Stomatal conductance declined with root hydraulic conductance, protecting short-term leaf water status. Reduced root hydraulic efficiency may mediate O , injury to whole plants by reducing shoot gas exchange and biomass productivity through the inhibition of water and nutrient acquisition.

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“…The present ozone concentrations in industrialized parts of the world are known to cause visible leaf injury (Nicotiana tabacum, Heggestad, 1991 ;Trifolium repens, Fuhrer et al, 1993 ;Trifolium subterraneum, Pihl Karlsson et al, 1995a), as well as reductions in plant growth (Miller, 1988 ;Pleijel et al, 1991 ;Fuhrer et al, 1992). In many parts of Europe, subterranean clover (T. subterraneum) has replaced tobacco as the most important indicator plant for phytotoxic ozone concentrations.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) to ozone in relation to plant age and light conditions during exposure

1999

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Potted subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) plants of different ages were exposed to 70 nl l −" ozone for 6 h, either during the light or during the dark period in a laboratory-based climate chamber. There was limited visible leaf injury on plants which were 14-20 and 28-34 d old and no significant decrease in biomass after daytime ozone exposure. The oldest leaves of 22-26 d old plants exhibited severe visible injury, which was associated with a significant reduction in biomass in 24-26 d old plants. Thus, ozone-induced visible injury of different magnitude developed in all plants, but was associated with biomass reduction only during a limited period of the plant's lifespan. Apart from modifying ozone uptake by plants, climatic conditions are important as growth modifiers. It is suggested that subterranean clover plants of defined developmental stages should be used in bioindication of ozone. Night ozone exposure injured significantly fewer leaves than day exposure. However, some leaves developed visible injury even after night ozone exposure. Night uptake of ozone may be of more importance in northern than in central and southern Europe, because summer nights are short and, for a certain period, never completely dark.

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Effects on Photosynthesis, Carbon Allocation, and Plant Growth Associated With Air Pollutant Stress

Cited by 51 publications

References 101 publications

Effects of ozone on wild plants

Effects of ozone on wild plants

Effect of O3 on Hydraulic Architecture in Pima Cotton (Biomass Allocation and Water Transport Capacity of Roots and Shoots)

Response of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) to ozone in relation to plant age and light conditions during exposure

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