Effects on Infants of a First Episode of Genital Herpes during Pregnancy

Brown, Zane A.; Vontver, Louis A.; Benedetti, Jacqueline; Critchlow, Cathy W.; Sells, Clifford J.; Berry, Sylvia; Corey, Lawrence

doi:10.1056/nejm198711123172002

Cited by 268 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…For example, first-trimester trophoblasts infected with CMV demonstrate reduced cell invasion, increased apoptosis (2, 79), higher expression of proinflammatory cytokines (80), and reduced HLA-G expression (81,82). CMV infection is also associated with fetal growth restriction, spontaneous pregnancy loss (82)(83)(84), and preeclampsia (85,86), all of which are outcomes that can result from insufficient placental development. HSV infection also results in loss of HLA-G (87), cell death, and reduced human chorionic gonadotropin secretion (88).…”

Section: Viral Infections and Early Placental Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HSV infection also results in loss of HLA-G (87), cell death, and reduced human chorionic gonadotropin secretion (88). These changes in trophoblast function could explain why both HSV-1 and HSV-2 have been associated with spontaneous pregnancy loss (89) and IUGR pregnancies (82,84). AAV2 also induces trophoblast apoptosis and reduces cell invasion (18,90,91) and is associated with spontaneous miscarriage, stillbirth (92), and preeclampsia (82,91,93).…”

Section: Viral Infections and Early Placental Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Risks associated with viral infections during pregnancy

Racicot¹,

Mor

2017

Journal of Clinical Investigation

238

204

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Section: Viral Infections and Early Placental Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Viral Infections and Early Placental Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risks associated with viral infections during pregnancy

Racicot¹,

Mor

2017

Journal of Clinical Investigation

238

204

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Five factors known to influence transmission of HSV from mother to neonate are: (Fig 1). 5,[15][16][17][18] The largest assessment of the influence of type of maternal infection on likelihood of neonatal transmission is a landmark study involving almost 60 000 women in labor who did not have clinical evidence of genital HSV disease, approximately 40 000 of whom had cultures performed within 48 hours of delivery (Fig 1). 5 Of these, 121 women were identified who were asymptomatically shedding HSV and who had sera available for analysis.…”

Section: Risk Of Neonatal Hsv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidance on Management of Asymptomatic Neonates Born to Women With Active Genital Herpes Lesions

Kimberlin¹,

Baley²,

Newborn³

2013

Pediatrics

116

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Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection of the neonate is uncommon, but genital herpes infections in adults are very common. Thus, although treating an infant with neonatal herpes is a relatively rare occurrence, managing infants potentially exposed to HSV at the time of delivery occurs more frequently. The risk of transmitting HSV to an infant during delivery is determined in part by the mother's previous immunity to HSV. Women with primary genital HSV infections who are shedding HSV at delivery are 10 to 30 times more likely to transmit the virus to their newborn infants than are women with recurrent HSV infection who are shedding virus at delivery. With the availability of commercial serological tests that reliably can distinguish type-specific HSV antibodies, it is now possible to determine the type of maternal infection and, thus, further refine management of infants delivered to women who have active genital HSV lesions. The management algorithm presented herein uses both serological and virological studies to determine the risk of HSV transmission to the neonate who is delivered to a mother with active herpetic genital lesions and tailors management accordingly. The algorithm does not address the approach to asymptomatic neonates delivered to women with a history of genital herpes but no active lesions at delivery. Pediatrics 2013;131:e635-e646

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“…HPV has been shown to target embryonic trophoblast cells (4). The etiology of spontaneous abortion has been linked to fetal genetic abnormalities or viral infections involving cytomegalovirus (9), Epstein-Barr virus (10), herpes simplex (11), mumps (12), and rubella (13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papilloma virus DNA exposure and embryo survival is stage-specific

Henneberg

Patton

Jacobson

et al. 2006

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose: Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been shown to disrupt late-stage implanting embryos. The objectives were (a) to assess the development of early embryos exposed to HPV DNA and (b) to analyze the blastocyst hatching process after HPV exposure. Methods:The study involved exposing two-cell and 4-8-cell mouse embryos to DNA fragments from either HPV type 16, type 18 or DQA1 (control). The embryos were incubated for 120 h and assessed. Results: HPV 16 and 18 inhibited two-cell embryo development. In contrast, delaying the exposure of HPV DNA until the 4-8-cell stage resulted in further embryonic development. There was 25.9% less blastocyst formed with HPV 16 exposure. Additionally, there were 25.9-31.8% more degenerated embryos with HPV 16 exposure. Conclusions:The study demonstrated embryo stage-specific effects of HPV on early development. The results suggested HPV exposure was linked to two-cell embryo demise and delaying the exposure of HPV until later embryo stages permitted embryo development. HPV 16 was shown to decrease blastocyst formation while HPV 18 inhibited the blastocyst hatching process.

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Effects on Infants of a First Episode of Genital Herpes during Pregnancy

Cited by 268 publications

References 17 publications

Risks associated with viral infections during pregnancy

Risks associated with viral infections during pregnancy

Guidance on Management of Asymptomatic Neonates Born to Women With Active Genital Herpes Lesions

Human papilloma virus DNA exposure and embryo survival is stage-specific

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