Effects on Blood Pressure, Glucose, and Lipid Levels of High-Monounsaturated Fat Diet Compared With a High-Carbohydrate Diet in NIDDM Subjects

Rasmussen, Ole; Thomsen, Carsten; Hansen, Klavs Würgler; Vesterlund, M.; Winther, Eva; Hermansen, Kjeld

doi:10.2337/diacare.16.12.1565

Cited by 138 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The cornerstone in the treatment of Type-2 DM is dietary intervention, and in several years the prescribed diet has been rich in carbohydrate whereas interest in metabolic effects of different fatty acids has come later. However, several studies have displayed bene®cial metabolic effects of dietary monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in Type-2 DM (Garg et al, 1988;Bonanome et al, 1991;Garg et al, 1992aGarg et al, , 1992bRasmussen et al, 1993;Thomsen et al, 1995a;Lerman-Garber et al, 1994a, 1994bNielsen et al, 1995). Interestingly, we recently showed bene®cial effects of MUFA diets on the diurnal blood pressure and von Willebrand Factor (vWF) in normotensive Type-2 DM subjects without proteinuria, both compared with a diet rich in carbohydrate (Rasmussen et al, 1994) and a diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (Thomsen et al, 1995a(Thomsen et al, , 1995b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Comparison of the effects of a monounsaturated fat diet and a high carbohydrate diet on cardiovascular risk factors in first degree relatives to type-2 diabetic subjects

et al. 1999

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Results: Similar lowering effects on total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, triglyceride and apoB levels were seen after the two diets. Slightly higher levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (1.4 AE 0.4 vs 1.3 AE 0.4 mmolal, P`0.0001) and apoA-1 (1.2AE 0.3 vs 1.1 AE 0.3 mmolal, P`0.05) were found in the MUFA-diet. Furthermore, the insulin sensitivity, as assessed by Bergman's minimal model, and the ®rst response insulin areas were similar, as were the 24-h blood pressures and the von Willebrand Factor (vWF) levels. Conclusions: Isocaloric diets rich in MUFA or rich in carbohydrate, respectively, seem to have similar effects on cardiovascular risk factors in persons at high risk of developing Type-2 DM. A potential risk, however, on body weight of high-fat diets should be kept in mind.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Comparison of the effects of a monounsaturated fat diet and a high carbohydrate diet on cardiovascular risk factors in first degree relatives to type-2 diabetic subjects

et al. 1999

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“…However, a number of other studies, most of which were conducted in outpatients, have failed to show any changes in plasma lipids (Bonanome et al, 1991;Rasmussen et al, 1993;Walker et al, 1995). The differences in HDL cholesterol on the three diets may relate to the small and non signi®cant differences in fasting glucose which were seen after adjustment for diet order as well as the increase in fat on the high-monounsaturated fat diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Although our resources did not permit assessing postprandial responses, previous studies have shown that highmono diets do have the ability to attenuate postprandial glucose responses (Campbell et al, 1994;Rasmussen et al, 1993). This may re¯ect the lower carbohydrate content of these diets and the ability of fat to retard the gastric emptying rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, high-mono diets have been shown to improve glycemic control without causing detrimental changes in triacylglycerol and HDL cholesterol concentrations when compared to high-CHO, low-fat diets of similar ®bre content (Campbell et al, 1994;Garg et al, 1988;Rasmussen et al, 1993). When the glycemic index could be estimated from the data these high-CHO diets have been generally high-GI and the carbohydrate in the high mono diet has also been high-GI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diets high and low in glycemic index versus high monounsaturated fat diets: effects on glucose and lipid metabolism in NIDDM

1999

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Objective: To examine the relative effects of high and low glycemic index (GI) carbohydrates, and monounsaturated fats on blood glucose and lipid metabolism in NIDDM subjects. Subjects: Fourteen male and seven female variably controlled NIDDM subjects recruited by advertisement. Setting: Free living outpatients. Research design: A repeated measures, within-subject design was used such that each subject consumed three diets: (a) a high-GI diet (53% CHO7 21% fat, 63 GI units (glucose 100)); (b) a low-GI diet (51% CHO 7 23% fat, 43 GI units); and (c) a high-mono high-GI diet (42% CHO735% fat, 59 GI units) in random order and cross-over fashion for four weeks. Approximately 45% energy was provided as key foods which differed in published GI values and speci®cally excluded legumes. Dietary ®bre intake was b 30 gad on each diet. At the end of each dietary intervention, we measured fasting plasma lipids, glucose, insulin, total glycated plasma protein, fructosamine, LDL and HDL particle size as well as 24 h urinary excretion of glucose and C-peptide. Results: HDL-cholesterol was higher on the low-GI and high-mono high-GI diets compared to the high-GI diet (P`0.05 for overall diet effect). There were no other signi®cant differences in metabolic control between diets, even when adjusted for BMI, glucose control or gender. Body weight and saturated fat intake remained stable between dietary interventions. Conclusion: High-mono high-GI and high-CHO, low-GI diets are superior to high-CHO, high-GI diets with respect to HDL metabolism but no effect was noted on glucose metabolism in variably controlled NIDDM subjects. Sponsorship: This study was funded by CSIRO Human Nutrition.

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“…The advantage of a high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet in treatment of type 2 diabetes has been questioned, due to carbohydrate-induced increase of triacylglycerol concentrations (American Diabetes Association, 1987;Medical Advisory Committee, 1982;Pedersen O, 1994;Coulston et al, 1987Coulston et al, , 1988. Studies on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes indicate that diets rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) may safely be applied (Bonamone et al, 1991;Garg et al, l988, 1992a,b;Campell et al, 1994;Rasmussen et al, 1993). In addition, the MUFA-enriched diet may have bene®cial effect on blood pressure (Rasmussen et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a high monounsaturated fatty acid diet on blood pressure and glucose metabolism in women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Lauszus¹,

Rasmussen

Henriksen

et al. 2001

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: The effect of a diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) on blood pressure, glycemic control, lipids and insulin sensitivity was evaluated in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Design and methods: A randomized, unpaired diet intervention was performed in 27 women with gestational diabetes mellitus in an outpatient clinic. After randomization the women received either a high-carbohydrate diet (H-CHO) or a high-MUFA diet (H-MUFA) from the 33rd gestational week of pregnancy. Outcome measures were 24 h ambulatory blood pressure, blood lipids, glycemic control and insulin sensitivity estimated by an intravenous glucose tolerance test. Results: The 24 h diastolic blood pressure increased more in the H-CHO group than in the H-MUFA group (P`0.04). Conclusions: After 5 weeks of treatment with a MUFA-enriched diet, no increase in 24 h diastolic blood pressure and no adverse effects on blood lipids were seen. The favorable effect on the blood pressure by the MUFA diet is a possible non-medication treatment. The H-MUFA diet had no advantage to the H-CHO diet in ameliorating the decline of insulin sensitivity in third term of pregnancy in GDM.

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Effects on Blood Pressure, Glucose, and Lipid Levels of High-Monounsaturated Fat Diet Compared With a High-Carbohydrate Diet in NIDDM Subjects

Abstract: A diet rich in monounsaturated fat has beneficial effects on blood pressure and glucose metabolism, whereas no adverse effects on lipid composition in NIDDM subjects is detected.

Cited by 138 publications

References 11 publications

Comparison of the effects of a monounsaturated fat diet and a high carbohydrate diet on cardiovascular risk factors in first degree relatives to type-2 diabetic subjects

Comparison of the effects of a monounsaturated fat diet and a high carbohydrate diet on cardiovascular risk factors in first degree relatives to type-2 diabetic subjects

Diets high and low in glycemic index versus high monounsaturated fat diets: effects on glucose and lipid metabolism in NIDDM

Effect of a high monounsaturated fatty acid diet on blood pressure and glucose metabolism in women with gestational diabetes mellitus

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