Effects of ω-3 Essential Fatty Acids (ω-3 EFAs) on Motor Disorders and Memory Dysfunction Typical Neuroleptic-induced: Behavioral and Biochemical Parameter

Abstract

The effects of fish oil supplementation on motor disorders, memory dysfunction, and lipid peroxidation (LP) induced by typical neuroleptics were studied. Wistar rats received a suspension prepared with fish oil containing omega-3 fatty acids, water, and Tween 80 (1%) in the place of drinking water (FO group) or vehicle (C group) for 8 weeks. After 4 weeks of treatment, half of the animals of both groups were treated with haloperidol (H and FO + H groups; experiment 1), fluphenazine (F and FO + F groups; experiment 2), or vehicle (C group), administered once a week (12 mg/kg/im) for 4 weeks, maintaining the treatment with FO. Extrapyramidal motor disorders by haloperidol and fluphenazine were observed by an increase in vacuous chewing movements and catalepsy (P < 0.05). These effects were reduced by FO treatment (P < 0.05). Both neuroleptics displayed impairment in memory retention observed by latency time to find the original location of platform in water-maze task, after 4 days of training performed in the last treatment week. This effect was reduced by FO (P < 0.05) to both haloperidol and fluphenazine treatments. Haloperidol increased the LP in plasma and hippocampus, and these effects were decreased by FO treatment (P < 0.05). Fluphenazine increased the LP in plasma and substantia nigra, which were completely decreased by FO treatment (P < 0.05). The FO decreased the motor disorders, memory dysfunction, and oxidative damage typical neuroleptic-induced. Our results indicate that FO exhibits a neuroprotector role useful on diseases related to oxidative damages, and may be considered in the prevention of motor and memory side effects induced by the antipsychotic treatment.

Chronic consumption of trans fat can facilitate the development of hyperactive behavior in rats

“…Twenty-one-day-old rats were assigned to two experimental groups (n = 16): 0.1% soybean oil (SO) and 0.1% hydrogenated vegetable fat (HVF) ( Table 3). SO and HVF were incorporated to tap water as a homogenous 1% Tween suspension [45], which was prepared daily and offered to the animals in place of drinking water in dark bottles. The consumption was monitored daily and no differences between the experimental groups were observed (data not shown).…”

Cognition dopamine and bioactive lipids in schizophrenia

“…Deficient PGD 2 signaling in the brain would therefore be expected to influence dopamine transmission. The adverse effect of dopaminergic agents on movement may also be moderated by neuroleptic-induced oxidative stress (138). A role for PGs as endogenous anti-dopaminergic agents is supported by the findings that inhibitors of PG synthesis can cause psychotic symptoms in some people and can worsen psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia patients (139-141).…”

Trans Fat Supplementation Increases UV‐Radiation‐Induced Oxidative Damage on Skin of Mice

“…EFA are metabolized to highly active eicosanoid products such as prostaglandins (PG) and leukotrienes, which modulate inflammatory, immunologic, and proliferative responses including those of the skin cells [20,26]. Beneficial effects of n-3 FA consumption have been observed in inflammatory diseases [27,28], as well in central nervous system diseases related to oxidative stress [29,30] and to apoptosis [31]. In fact, EPA and DHA compete with ARA for its incorporation into the lipid cell membranes [32] and serve as a substrate for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) [33].…”