Effects of β-Cryptoxanthin on Improvement in Osteoporosis Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Abstract

Many studies have analyzed the effects of β-cryptoxanthin (BCX) on osteoporosis and bone health. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at providing quantitative evidence for the effects of BCX on osteoporosis. Publications were selected and retrieved from three databases and carefully screened to evaluate their eligibility. Data from the final 15 eligible studies were extracted and uniformly summarized. Among the 15 studies, seven including 100,496 individuals provided information for the meta-analysis. A random effects model was applied to integrate the odds ratio (OR) to compare the risk of osteoporosis and osteoporosis-related complications between the groups with high and low intake of BCX. A high intake of BCX was significantly correlated with a reduced risk of osteoporosis (OR = 0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.70–0.90, p = 0.0002). The results remained significant when patients were stratified into male and female subgroups as well as Western and Asian cohorts. A high intake of BCX was also negatively associated with the incidence of hip fracture (OR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.54–0.94, p = 0.02). The results indicate that BCX intake potentially reduces the risk of osteoporosis and hip fracture. Further longitudinal studies are needed to validate the causality of current findings.

Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods: A Comprehensive Review of Their Role in Bone Health

“…The juice augmented the values of bone formation markers (BALP and γ-carboxylated osteocalcin) and decreased the values of markers indicating bone resorption (TRAP and N-telopeptide of type I collagen) both in men and women [ 110 ]. These data have been supported by a recent meta-analysis of observational studies demonstrating that high dietary intake of β-cryptoxanthin correlated with a lower risk of osteoporosis and occurrence of hip fractures [ 111 ].…”

A molecular index for biological age identified from the metabolome and senescence‐associated secretome in humans

“…For example, supplementation with β‐cryptoxanthin increased bone mineral density in postmenopausal women and suppressed cytokine profile (Sugiura et al., 2016 ). However, most of the supplementation studies have very low power and have not examined for age‐associated pathologies yet (Kim et al., 2021 ). On the other hand, degradation of collagen is one of the pathologies identified with chronological aging (Mays et al., 1991 ).…”

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“…The highest category of beta-cryptoxanthin intake was associated with a 28% decreased risk of hip fracture (OR 0.72; 95% CI 0.60, 0.87) [39] and up to a 27% decreased risk of allcause mortality (RR 0.73; 95% CI, 0.58, 0.88) [40], compared to the lowest category of intake. A small effect was also found for the inflammatory biomarker C-reactive protein (CRP; MD −0.35 mg/L; 95% CI −0.54, −0.15), after individuals consumed 6 mg beta-cryptoxanthin over 12-weeks [37] (Table S3).…”

“…No differences were found for beta-cryptoxanthin and risk of: cataracts [45], early age-related macular degeneration [46], osteoporosis [39], Parkinson's disease [47], non-Hodgkin lymphoma [48], breast cancer [29], colorectal cancer [49], pancreatic cancer [50] or lung cancer mortality [43] (Table S3).…”