Effects of Zinc Supplementation on Nutritional Status in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Randomized Trial

Escobedo-Monge, Marlene Fabiola; Ayala-Macedo, Guido; Sakihara, Graciela; Peralta, Sílvia; Almaraz-Gómez, Ana; Barrado, E.; Marugán-Miguelsanz, José Manuel

doi:10.3390/nu11112671

Cited by 36 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Zinc deficiency has been proven to deteriorate the symptoms associated with renal insufficiency. Zinc protects against oxidative stress and plays an essential role in microtubule formation and function [ 127 ]. Although zinc requirements have not been established in COVID-19 associated AKI, it should be recommended that patients receive the dietary reference intakes (DRI) for this mineral.…”

Section: Nutrients and Bioactive Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kidney diseases and COVID-19 infection: causes and effect, supportive therapeutics and nutritional perspectives

Askari

Sanadgol

Azarnezhad

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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Recently, the novel coronavirus disease 2019 , has attracted the attention of scientists where it has a high mortality rate among older adults and individuals suffering from chronic diseases, such as chronic kidney diseases (CKD). It is important to elucidate molecular mechanisms by which COVID-19 affects the kidneys and accordingly develop proper nutritional and pharmacological strategies. Although numerous studies have recently recommended several approaches for the management of COVID-19 in CKD, its impact on patients with renal diseases remains the biggest challenge worldwide. In this paper, we review the most recent evidence regarding causality, potential nutritional supplements, therapeutic options, and management of COVID-19 infection in vulnerable individuals and patients with CKD. To date, there is no effective treatment for COVID-19-induced kidney dysfunction, and current treatments are yet limited to anti-inflammatory (e.g. ibuprofen) and anti-viral medications (e.g. Remdesivir, and Chloroquine/Hydroxychloroquine) that may increase the chance of treatment. In conclusion, the knowledge about kidney damage in COVID-19 is very limited, and this review improves our ability to introduce novel approaches for future clinical trials for this contiguous disease.

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Section: Nutrients and Bioactive Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kidney diseases and COVID-19 infection: causes and effect, supportive therapeutics and nutritional perspectives

Askari

Sanadgol

Azarnezhad

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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“…Zinc supplementation may bebeneficial for nutritional status in children and adolescent with chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to the fact that participants may have improved their nutritional status through the slight but significant gain in their body mass, especially with 30 mg/day of zinc supplementation. 30 mg/ day of zinc supplementation reduces pneumonia in children with CKD [16].…”

Section: Antiviral Avtivity Of Zn 2+ Ions For the Children With Prevementioning

confidence: 97%

Zn2+ Ions-Immune Virucidal activities for children and adults with preventions against 2019-nCoV and COVID-19 infection

Ishida¹

2020

J Child Adult Vaccines Immunol

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Zinc induced pediatric preventing respiratory 2019-nCoV is required that supplementation with zinc gluconate 20 mg in Zn deficient children resulted in a nearly twofold reduction of acute lower respiratory infections as well as the time to recovery. Zinc supplementation in children is associated with a reduction in the incidence and prevalence of pneumonia. Preventing 2019-nCoV pneumonia is required that zinc supplementation alone (10 to 20 mg) for more than 3 months significantly reduces in the rate of pneumonia. zinc pediatric intake may be required to be effective range 10～20 mg/d for 2019-CoV prevention, 10～30 mg/d for reduction of COVID-19 bronchitis, and 20～30 mg/d for recovery from COVID-19 pneumonia, in which Zn2+ could bind with viral surface proteins by Zn2+ions-centered tetrahedrally coordination pattern. On the other hand, for aults, the zinc-homeostatic immune concentration may provide a protective role against the COVID-19 pandemic, likely by improving the host’s resistance against viral infection. 50 mg of zinc per day might provide an additional shield against the COVID-19 pandemic, possibly by increasing the host resistance to viral infection to minimize the burden of the disease. In order to prevent that an outbreak of respiratory sickness caused by a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has become a serious public threat and disrupted many lives,assessing the efficacy of FDA-approved Zn-ejector drugs such as disulfiram combined with interferon to treat COVID-19 infected patients has been proposed. The key strategies for preventing lung damages include avoiding direct lung infection, altering host-virus interactions, promoting immune responses, diluting virus concentrations in lung tissues by promoting viral migration to the rest of the body, maintaining waste removal balance, protecting heart function and renal function, avoiding other infections, reducing allergic reactions and anti-inflammatory. The interactions had been found on the binding specificity by Zn2+ ions-centered tetrahedral geometric coordination of the inhibitors against 3C and 3C-like proteases. In addition, transient zinc chelation TPEN and EPDTC have been noted as preventing virus replication. Zinc-induced ROS production in COVID-19 respiratory ailment and pneumonia occurs both in children and adults. In children. ROS production in zinc (Ⅱ)-immune pediatric patient with COVID-19 bronchitis and pneumonia cannot be elucidated yet. In adults, zinc induced ROS generation in pulmonary COVID-19 infected cells is that alterations of ROS-producing and scavenging pathways that are caused by respiratory viral infections are implicated in inﬂammation, lung epithelial disruption, and tissue damage, and, in some cases, even pulmonary ﬁbrosis. The involvement of oxidative stress in cell deaths caused during RNA virus infection and ROS production is correlated with host cell death.

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“…Moreover, zinc is related to many enzymatic activities related to protein synthesis; therefore, zinc deficiency is reportedly related to nutritional status. In fact, zinc supplementation ameliorated nutritional status [ 58 ] in a randomized control study. If dialysis patients suffer from appetite loss and a small increase in intradialysis body weight gain, there is the possibility that too much salt restriction retards food intake through appetite loss, which may also be caused by zinc deficiency.…”

Section: Interaction Among Sodium Intake Appetite and Nutrition Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive and Negative Aspects of Sodium Intake in Dialysis and Non-Dialysis CKD Patients

Nagasawa

2021

Nutrients

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Sodium intake theoretically has dual effects on both non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and dialysis patients. One negatively affects mortality by increasing proteinuria and blood pressure. The other positively affects mortality by ameliorating nutritional status through appetite induced by salt intake and the amount of food itself, which is proportional to the amount of salt under the same salty taste. Sodium restriction with enough water intake easily causes hyponatremia in CKD and dialysis patients. Moreover, the balance of these dual effects in dialysis patients is likely different from their balance in non-dialysis CKD patients because dialysis patients lose kidney function. Sodium intake is strongly related to water intake via the thirst center. Therefore, sodium intake is strongly related to extracellular fluid volume, blood pressure, appetite, nutritional status, and mortality. To decrease mortality in both non-dialysis and dialysis CKD patients, sodium restriction is an essential and important factor that can be changed by the patients themselves. However, under sodium restriction, it is important to maintain the balance of negative and positive effects from sodium intake not only in dialysis and non-dialysis CKD patients but also in the general population.

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Effects of Zinc Supplementation on Nutritional Status in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Randomized Trial

Cited by 36 publications

References 83 publications

Kidney diseases and COVID-19 infection: causes and effect, supportive therapeutics and nutritional perspectives

Kidney diseases and COVID-19 infection: causes and effect, supportive therapeutics and nutritional perspectives

Zn2+ Ions-Immune Virucidal activities for children and adults with preventions against 2019-nCoV and COVID-19 infection

Positive and Negative Aspects of Sodium Intake in Dialysis and Non-Dialysis CKD Patients

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