Effects of zidovudine on hemostatic and hematologic parameters in adult rats

Ukoha, Ukoha U; Umeasalugo, Kosisochukwu E; Dimkpa, Uchechukwu; Ndukwe, G. U.; Anyabolu, Arthur Ebelenna; Emefo, Love E.

doi:10.5455/jeim.080415.or.125

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…There is direct leucopenic inhibitory effect on matured granulocytes in the peripheral system or on the myeloid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. Consolini et al [5] reported leucopenia after six months of AZT based HAART [24,25,5]. However, the findings of this study contradicted the findings of Kibaru and his colleagues [3] who did not record leucopenia post HAART administration.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Individual Influences Of Efv And Nvp (Withcontrasting

confidence: 71%

Effects of Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment on Complete Blood Count Parameters

Bani

Danquah

Obirikorang

et al. 2019

I-SRR

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Aim: This study assesses the effects of HAART on complete blood count parameters among HIV infected participants. Study Design: Case control study. Place and Methods: This study was conducted in Tamale, Ghana from August, 2016 to December, 2017. Methodology: A total of 300 HIV infected participants with ages ranging from 19–79 years, administered with HAART for at least 6 months were recruited. Pre-HAART administration (baseline) demographic and clinical information, with initial full blood count results were retrieved from the medical records of the participants. Post HAART administration blood sample (5mLs) was taken from each participant into an EDTA vacutainer tube and complete blood count (CBC) performed using URIT 5250 haematology analyser. Participants transfused with blood over the last 4 months were excluded from the study. Results: The study recorded significant decreases in WBC and Neutrophil (%) post HAART administration. Lymphocyte (%), Haemoglobin, Haematocrit, MCV, MCHC, RDW-SD were all significantly higher post HAART administration. Total Platelets count, MPV, PDW-SD, PCT and P-LCR were significantly lower post-HAART administration. A comparison of the effects of EFV and NVP administered with AZT/3TC backbone yielded the following results. The NVP group recorded a significantly higher HCT compared with the EFV group (p-0.0073). A significantly higher mean PCT, MPV, P-LCR, PLCC, PDW-SD were recorded in the EFV group compared to the NVP group respectively. Conclusion: The administration of HAART is associated with significant improvements in erythroid and lymphoid lineages, reduce anaemia, improves immunity and general patient well-being. NVP improve erythroid cell indices while EFV ameliorate platelet indices. HAART regimen should be chosen based on the pre-HAART laboratory tests conducted on the individual.

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Section: Comparison Of the Individual Influences Of Efv And Nvp (Withcontrasting

confidence: 71%

Effects of Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment on Complete Blood Count Parameters

Bani

Danquah

Obirikorang

et al. 2019

I-SRR

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“…21 Some studies report increased WBC counts, following AZT administration while some authors report otherwise. 16,[22][23][24] Increased WBC count maybe attributed to inflammation due to chronic infection, but in the present study WBC count was reduced post drug administration. Our data suggests that AZT may have a leucopenic inhibitory effect in Charles foster rat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 43%

“…Our study also indicated a reduction in the platelet count as reported previously. 16,23 A previous study also reported platelet degradation upon high dose of AZT administration. 25 Preceding literature suggests AZT induced elevation in the levels of transaminases and ALP in human and albino rats has already been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 AZT therapy is probably the most common cause of anaemia in HIVinfected patients. In the clinical trial studies of AZT in patients with advanced stage of HIV, statistically significant reductions in hemoglobin levels occurred in 34% of subjects receiving AZT (1,200mg per day) following 6 weeks of therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study evaluated the effects of AZT on hemostatic and hematologic parameters in Wistar rats and found out a significant decrease in RBCs, PCV and platelet count. 16 In another study it was demonstrated that AZT treatment can cause hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. 17 They reported highly significant increase in alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, argininosuccinic acid lyase and bilirubin in serum of Wistar albino rats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Azidothymidine induces severe hematological toxicity and hepatic injury in Charles Foster rats

Pandey¹,

Singh²

2017

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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Background: The present study aimed at evaluating the effects of azidothymidine (AZT) on hematologic and biochemical parameters in Charles Foster rats.Methods: Twelve adult healthy Charles Foster rats comprising of six male and six females were selected for study. Test rodents were divided into four groups containing three rodents each. Three males and three females served as control and remaining received AZT drug. Rodents were acclimatized for 10 days and drug was administered for 28 days. After the completion of drug administration, blood samples were collected and analyzed for hematologic parameters, i.e., Hemoglobin (Hb), Packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC), Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), total leukocyte count (TLC), Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), Platelet count (Plt) using a Fully Automatic Fully Digital Hematology Cell Counter. In addition, biochemical parameters, were measured to assess the effects of AZT on rodent physiology. In-vivo histopathological studies were also performed on vital organs of rodents to understand the effects of drug at tissue level.Results: When compared with the control group, the data indicated a outstanding decrease in Hb, PCV, RBC, TLC and platelets in all test groups, whereas MCHC did not show any major reduction but MCV data suggested a slight increase. Among biochemical parameters, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). were found to be remarkably elevated along with elevated bilirubin and reduced albumin, pointing towards a possible liver damage which was later corroborated by liver histopathological study.Conclusions: Above results indicate azidothymidine to be a myelosuppresive and hepatotoxic drug and its usage as an anti-retro viral during highly active anti-retro viral therapy (HAART) regime should be strictly monitored.

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Effect of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Ocimum Gratissimum on some Haematological Indices in Rats Treated with Zidovudine-containing Antiretroviral Drugs

Ughachukwu¹,

Okonkwo²,

Nwozor³

et al. 2017

GJMS

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Background: Anaemia, one of the manifestations of HIV/AIDS, could be worsened by zidovudine-containing antiretroviral therapy. This may result in discontinuation of therapy, drug resistance, and increased mortality and morbidity. The medicinal plant, Ocimum gratissimum, is credited with haematopoetic properties. The study is aimed at finding out if the leaf extract of this plant will protect against anaemia in zidovudine-containing antiretroviral therapy. Methodology: 25 adult rats of both sexes were divided into 5 groups (A, B C, D, E) of 5 animals per group and given oral antiretroviral drugs and extract as follows: A (normal feeds only), B (efavirenz 8.6 mg/kg, abacavir 8.6 mg/kg, zidovudine 4.3 mg/kg), C (extract 80 mg/kg), D (efavirenz 8.6 mg/kg, abacavir 8.6 mg/kg, zidovudine 4.3 mg/kg, plus extract 40 mg/kg), E (efavirenz 8.6 mg/kg, abacavir 8.6 mg/kg, zidovudine 4.3 mg/kg, plus extract 80 mg/kg) all for 28 days. Thereafter, blood samples were collected and analyzed for haemoglobin and packed cell volume values using autoanalyzer. Data were tested for normality and further analyzed for statistical significance using Kruskal-Wallis test plus Dunn's multiple comparison using Graph Pad Prism 7.0. Results: Mean values (± S.E.M.) of haemoglobin were 12.

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Effects of zidovudine on hemostatic and hematologic parameters in adult rats

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment on Complete Blood Count Parameters

Effects of Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment on Complete Blood Count Parameters

Azidothymidine induces severe hematological toxicity and hepatic injury in Charles Foster rats

Effect of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Ocimum Gratissimum on some Haematological Indices in Rats Treated with Zidovudine-containing Antiretroviral Drugs

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