Effects of yoga in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta‐analysis

Abstract

Aims/IntroductionA meta‐analysis was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of yoga in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Materials and MethodsThe PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were searched to obtain eligible randomized controlled trials. The primary outcome was fasting blood glucose, and the secondary outcomes included glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, total cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride and postprandial blood glucose. Weighted mean differences and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The I 2 statistic represented heterogeneity.ResultsA total of 12 randomized controlled trials with a total of 864 patients met the inclusion criteria. The pooled weighted mean differences were −23.72 mg/dL (95% CI −37.78 to −9.65; P = 0.001; I 2 = 82%) for fasting blood glucose and −0.47% (95% CI −0.87 to −0.07; P = 0.02; I 2 = 82%) for hemoglobin A1c. The weighted mean differences were −17.38 mg/dL (95% CI −27.88 to −6.89; P = 0.001; I 2 = 0%) for postprandial blood glucose, −18.50 mg/dL (95% CI −29.88 to −7.11; P = 0.001; I 2 = 75%) for total cholesterol, 4.30 mg/dL (95% CI 3.25 to 5.36; P < 0.00001; I 2 = 10%) for high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, −12.95 mg/dL (95% CI −18.84 to −7.06; P < 0.0001; I 2 = 37%) for low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and −12.57 mg/dL (95% CI −29.91 to 4.76; P = 0.16; I 2 = 48%) for triglycerides.ConclusionsThe available evidence suggests that yoga benefits adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, considering the limited methodology and the potential heterogeneity, further studies are necessary to support our findings and investigate the long‐term effects of yoga in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

The effects of yoga among adults with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Nonetheless, heterogeneity observed between studies was high, potentially due to methodological differences in the reviewed articles. Our findings are consistent with other meta-analyses assessing the effects of yoga on glycemic control among type 2 diabetics (Cui et al, 2016; Kumar et al, 2016). Consistent to Vizcaino and Stover (2016), we found a positive impact of yoga for lipid profile and blood pressure.…”

“…Innes and Selfe (2016) showed that yoga may improve glycemic control, lipid levels, and body composition (weight, body mass index) among adults with T2DM. Similarly, Cui et al’ (2016) meta-analysis reported a pooled weighted mean difference of −23.72 mg/dL (95% CI = −37.78, −9.65) for fasting blood glucose (FBG) and −0.47% (95% CI = −0.87, −0.07) for HbA1c. In another meta-analysis, Kumar et al (2016) reported beneficial effects of yoga in comparison to standard treatment alone for FBG [Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) −1.40, 95%CI = −1.90, − 0.90] and for HbA1c [SMD −0.64, 95%CI = −0.97, −0.30].…”

Effect of yoga and aerobics exercise on sleep quality in women with Type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial

“…However, although there are very study showing positive effects of Yoga on diabetics patent 13 , effect of yoga on sleep quality is not well investigated. Yoga has been known as one of the effective for overcoming numerous problems including anxiety [14][15][16] .…”

Review: Can Yoga Breathing Exercises Improve Glycemic Response and Insulin Sensitivity?

“…In 2012, pharmacological approaches to control diabetes (i.e., insulin, metformin, etc.) cost the United States (US) economy $18 billion out of a total US diabetes cost footprint of $245 billion [5]. Hence, there is a need for less expensive methods Review: Can Yoga Breathing Exercises Improve Glycemic Response and Insulin Sensitivity?…”

“…Cui et al [5] examined 12 randomized controlled trials that included 864 subjects performing yoga exercise sessions 1-6 times week for up to 6 months. They found that both fasting blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c improved as result of yoga by -23.72 mg/dl and -0.47%, respectively.…”