Effects of Yarrowia lipolytica supplementation on growth performance, intestinal health and apparent ileal digestibility of diets fed to nursery pigs

Abstract

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of increasing supplementation of Yarrowia lipolytica (YL) up to 3.0% replacing 1.6% poultry fat and 0.9% blood plasma for growth performance, intestinal health and nutrient digestibility of diets fed to nursery pigs.Methods: Twenty-four pigs weaned at 24 d of age (initial body weight at 7.2±0.6 kg) were allotted to three dietary treatments (n = 8) based on the randomized complete block. The diets with supplementation of YL (0.0%, 1.5%, and 3.0%, replacing poultry fat and blood plasma up to 1.6% and 0.9%, respectively) were fed for 21 d. Feed intake and body weight were recorded at d 0, 10, and 21. Fecal score was recorded at every odd day from d 3 to 19. Pigs were euthanized on d 21 to collect proximal and distal jejunal mucosa to measure intestinal health markers including tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-8, immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin G. Ileal digesta was collected for apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of nutrients in diets. Data were analyzed using Proc Mixed of SAS.Results: Supplementation of YL (1.5% and 3.0%) replacing poultry fat and blood plasma did not affect growth performance, fecal score and intestinal health. Supplementation of YL at 1.5% did not affect nutrient digestibility, whereas supplementation of YL at 3.0% reduced AID of dry matter (40.2% to 55.0%), gross energy (44.0% to 57.5%), crude protein (52.1% to 66.1%), and ether extract (50.8% to 66.9%) compared to diets without supplementation.Conclusion: Yarrowia lipolytica can be supplemented at 1.5% in nursery diets, replacing 0.8% poultry fat and 0.45% blood plasma without affecting growth performance, intestinal health and nutrient digestibility. Supplementation of YL at 3.0% replacing 1.6% poultry fat and 0.9% blood plasma did not affect growth performance and intestinal health, whereas nutrient digestibility was reduced.

Functional roles of xylanase enhancing intestinal health and growth performance of nursery pigs by reducing the digesta viscosity and modulating the mucosa-associated microbiota in the jejunum

“…After 38 d of feeding, all the pigs were euthanized to remove the gastrointestinal tract to collect digesta from mid-jejunum (3 m after the pyloric duodenal junction; Cheng et al, 2021 ) to measure viscosity; mucosa from mid-jejunum to characterize microbiota composition, inflammatory, and oxidative stress parameters; mid-jejunal tissues to measure morphology and crypt cell proliferation; and ileal digesta (a portion of 30 cm prior to the ileocecal valve) to measure the AID of nutrients. Digesta from mid-jejunum was collected into falcon tubes (50 mL), placed on ice, and immediately carried to the lab to measure viscosity.…”

“…The supernatant was collected into 8 sets of 0.5 mL polypropylene tubes and stored at −80 °C for further analysis. The sample preparation procedures for analysis were performed as previously described ( Cheng et al, 2021 ).…”

Phytobiotics from Oregano Extracts Enhance the Intestinal Health and Growth Performance of Pigs

“…The concentration of TNF-α was measured using an ELISA kit (PTA00; R&D System, Minneapolis, MN, USA) following the procedures of the manufacturer [ 22 ]. The standard had a working range of 0 to 1500 pg/mL with a detection limit for TNF-α at 5 pg/mL.…”

Use of Microorganisms as Nutritional and Functional Feedstuffs for Nursery Pigs and Broilers

“…However, 6% Yarrowia lipolytica, with its high lipid content, resulted in diarrhea in piglets, as well as a reduction in the growth performance of nursery pigs [ 165 ]. In addition, Cheng et al (2022) [ 213 ] demonstrated that 1.5% Yarrowia lipolytica used as energy feeds, replacing poultry fat, maintained intestinal health and growth performance in nursery pigs, while the thick cell wall may reduce nutrient digestibility when supplementing 3% Yarrowia lipolytica . Hatlen et al (2012) [ 206 ] reported that 10 to 30% Yarrowia lipolytica supplemented in fish diets improved feed efficiency and protein and energy retention; however, protein digestibility and energy digestibility were reduced due to the indigestible yeast cell wall.…”