Effects of xylazine/ketamine on cardiac function and serum ionised calcium in horses

Grubb, Tamara; Gj, Benson; Jc, Thurmon; Olson, William O.; Tranquilli, William J.; Foreman, Jonathan H.; Constable, Peter D.; Davis, Lloyd

doi:10.1111/j.1467-2995.1997.tb00148.x

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…1996), while the absence of the effect has been observed after ketamine administration following xylazine (Cuvelliez et al. 1995; Grubb et al. 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Evaluation of different doses of propofol in xylazine pre–medicated horses

Frias

Mársico

Segura

et al. 2003

Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia

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“…1996), while the absence of the effect has been observed after ketamine administration following xylazine (Cuvelliez et al. 1995; Grubb et al. 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1986), but this value returns to baseline after ketamine or propofol administration. The decreased arterial blood pressure observed with propofol (Sebel & Lowdon 1989) or ketamine (Grubb et al. 1997) is probably due to the combined depressant effects of these drugs with alpha‐2 adrenoceptor agonists.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of different doses of propofol in xylazine pre–medicated horses

Frias

Mársico

Segura

et al. 2003

Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia

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“…Xylazine is pharmacologically classified as an α‐2 adrenoreceptor agonist and a component of Zoletil, tiletamine, as an N ‐methyl‐ d ‐aspartate receptor antagonist 30,34 . Cardio‐depressive action and hypotension of xylazine and tiletamine/zolazepam were described by several authors 35–38 . Our study showed that the levels of arterial BP and heart rate under ZO/XY were significantly lower than under ISO.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Use of a rat model to characterize 35 arterial pulse wave parameters in a comparative study of isoflurane and Zoletil/xylazine anesthesia and the effect of Acanthopanax senticosus extract

Misak,

Grman,

Tomasova

et al. 2023

Anim Models and Exp Med

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BackgroundInformation obtained from arterial pulse waveforms (APW) can be useful for characterizing the cardiovascular system. To achieve this, it is necessary to know the detailed characteristics of APWs in different states of an organism, which would allow APW parameters (APW‐Ps) to be assigned to particular (patho)physiological conditions. Therefore, our work aimed to characterize 35 APW‐Ps in rats under the influence of isoflurane (ISO) and Zoletil/xylazine (ZO/XY) anesthesia and to study the effect of root extract from Acanthopanax senticosus (ASRE) in these anesthetic conditions.MethodsThe right jugular vein of anesthetized rats was cannulated for the administration of ASRE and the left carotid artery for the detection of APWs from which 35 APW‐Ps were evaluated.ResultsWe obtained data on 35 APW‐Ps, which significantly depended on the anesthesia, and thus, they characterized the cardiovascular system under these two conditions. ASRE transiently modulated all 35 APW‐Ps, including a transient decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) and heart rate or increases in pulse BP, dP/dtmax, and systolic and diastolic areas. Whereas the transient effects of ASRE were similar, the extract had prolonged disturbing effects on the cardiovascular system in rats under ZO/XY but not under ISO anesthesia. This negative effect can result from the disturbance caused by ZO/XY anesthesia on the cardiovascular system.ConclusionsWe characterized 35 APW‐Ps of rats under ISO and ZO/XY anesthesia and found that ASRE contains compounds that can modulate the properties of the cardiovascular system, which significantly depended on the status of the cardiovascular system. This should be considered when using ASRE as a nutritional supplement by individuals with cardiovascular problems.

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“…Similarly, the decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and HR in the xylazine-ketamine treated group was attributed to peripheral vasodilation associated with depression of vasomotor center and bradycardia due to the alpha-2 adrenergic agonist effect of xylazine, as also narrated by Grubb et al (1997). Although ketamine itself causes increase in HR and blood pressure, these changes associated with ketamine are due to the secondary stimulation of sympathetic nervous system (Grubb et al, 1997).…”

Section: O N L I N E F I R S T a R T I C L Ementioning

confidence: 97%

Clinico-Biochemical Effects of Xylazine-Ketamine and Isoflurane on Rabbits Undergoing Ovariohysterectomy

Maan¹,

Khan²,

Bokhari³

et al. 2018

PJZ

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The serum biochemical and cardiovascular effects of total intravenous anesthesia, xylzine-ketamine and inhalation anesthesia, isoflurane was clinically compared in healthy female rabbits (n=16) undergoing ovariohysterectomy. One group of 8 rabbits was anesthetized with combination of xylazine (3mg/kg) and ketamine (10mg/kg, I/V), while the second group (n=8) was pre-anesthetized with xylazine, followed by treatment with isoflurane (4%) with oxygen flow rate of 1L/min. Rabbits administered with xylazineketamine anesthesia showed significant increase (P<0.05) in serum alanine aminotrasferase, aspartate transaminase and blood urea nitrogen as compared to isoflurane anesthesia; whereas, no statistical difference (P>0.05) was observed for alkaline phosphatase, creatinine and bilirubin between the two groups. Heart rate, blood pressure and saturation of oxygen were decreased in both groups but this decline was significantly lesser (P<0.05) in isoflurane administered group compared to xylazine-ketamine administered group. Both xylazine-ketamine and isoflurane proved to be suitable anesthetic agents for successful ovariohysterectomy in rabbits. As injectable anesthesia caused significant effect on serum biochemical and cardiovascular parameters when compared to inhalation, so, it is a less safe choice during lengthy surgical procedures like ovariohysterectomy.

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Effects of xylazine/ketamine on cardiac function and serum ionised calcium in horses

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Evaluation of different doses of propofol in xylazine pre–medicated horses

Evaluation of different doses of propofol in xylazine pre–medicated horses

Use of a rat model to characterize 35 arterial pulse wave parameters in a comparative study of isoflurane and Zoletil/xylazine anesthesia and the effect of Acanthopanax senticosus extract

Clinico-Biochemical Effects of Xylazine-Ketamine and Isoflurane on Rabbits Undergoing Ovariohysterectomy

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