Effects of Xenobiotics on Total Antioxidant Capacity

Bucalen, Carlos FerrariKusano

doi:10.2478/v10102-012-0019-0

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…The negative APP include albumin, the most abundant constitutive plasma protein, which serves as a source of nutrients and regulator of osmotic pressure [ 11 ]. Anti-oxidants grouped under the term Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) defend cells and tissues from harmful oxidative damage [ 12 ] whereas paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) is an important enzyme involved in lipid metabolism which is down-regulated during oxidative stress [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the acute phase protein and antioxidant responses in dogs vaccinated against canine monocytic ehrlichiosis and naive-challenged dogs

et al. 2015

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BackgroundCanine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) is a tick-borne disease with a global distribution, caused by Ehrlichia canis. The inflammatory response to E. canis infection includes changes in certain acute phase proteins (APP) and in biomarkers of the oxidative status. APP responses are considered part of the innate immune response to CME. The aim of this study was to evaluate the APP and oxidative marker responses in dogs vaccinated against CME with an attenuated vaccine and subsequently challenged with a wild E. canis strain.MethodsThe study included 3 groups of 4 beagle dogs. Group 1 dogs were inoculated subcutaneously with an attenuated E. canis vaccine on day 0, and again on day 213. Group 2 initially served as controls for group 1 during the vaccination phase and then vaccinated once on day 213. Group 3 consisted of naïve dogs which constituted the control group for the challenge phase. All 12 dogs were infected intravenously with a wild strain of E. canis on day 428 of the study. APP levels were serially measured during two periods: days 0–38 post-vaccination (groups 1 and 2) and days 0–39 post-challenge (groups 1, 2, 3).ResultsChanges in C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin, albumin, paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were of significantly smaller magnitude in vaccinated dogs and appeared later on a time scale compared to unvaccinated dogs challenged with a wild strain. Alterations in the level of APP during the vaccination phase of the study were of lower extent compared to those in the challenged unvaccinated dogs during the post-challenge phase. Positive APP levels correlated positively with the rickettsial load, body temperature and negatively with the thrombocyte counts (p < 0.05).ConclusionsVaccination with an attenuated E. canis strain and challenge with a wild strain resulted in considerably reduced responses of positive and negative APP, and oxidative biomarker responses in vaccinated compared to unvaccinated dogs, reflecting a milder innate inflammatory response conferred by protection of the vaccine.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0798-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the acute phase protein and antioxidant responses in dogs vaccinated against canine monocytic ehrlichiosis and naive-challenged dogs

et al. 2015

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“…In addition, the photoprotective and anti-pollution effects of Sophora japonica have also been studied [32,66]. nitrosamine injuries and subsequent diseases [68][69][70][71]. The results of the present study showed that the oral intake of the product containing the four herbal extracts ingredient improved oxidative stress biomarkers by significantly reducing the MDA content on the skin stratum corneum and increasing the total antioxidant capacity of saliva (TAS) after 12 weeks and 4 weeks of product consumption, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant and Reduced Skin Ageing Effects of A Polyphenol-Enriched Dietary Supplement in Response to Air Pollution: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

Nobile¹,

Schiano²,

Peral³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Repeated air pollution exposure is one of the major threats to skin health. Air pollution causes skin damage and accelerates skin ageing mainly through oxidative stress mechanisms. Since it is difficult to minimize skin exposure from air pollutants, especially in urban areas, strategies to protect the skin are needed. On the other hand, plant phenolic compounds have been found to be effective in attenuating cellular oxidative stress and inflammation induced by different air pollutants. Therefore, we conducted a 12-week randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind study to assess the efficacy of a polyphenol-enriched dietary supplement (comprised of olive leaf, lemon verbena, rosemary and Sophora japonica extracts) in reducing pollution-induced oxidative stress and in improving different skin parameters related to skin ageing of Caucasian and Asian volunteers living in a polluted urban European area (Milan). One hundred healthy women were recruited and randomized in the placebo or in the test dietary supplement treatment arms. To assess the efficacy of the dietary supplement, the total antioxidant capacity on saliva (FRAP) was determined, as well as the oxidative damage on skin (lipoperoxides content), the skin moisture (corneometry), the trans-epidermal water loss (Tewameter), the skin radiance and the skin colour, (spectrophotometry), the skin elasticity (cutometry), the skin sebum content (sebumeter), and the skin roughness (image analysis). As a result, both inter-group and intra-group analysis proved that the dietary supplement improved all clinical and biochemical monitored parameters, in both Caucasian and Asian individuals. In conclusion, the results of the study indicate a reduced oxidative stress-induced skin damage in both Asian and Caucasian women living in a polluted urban area.

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“…As oxidative stress has a crucial role in Paraquat- induced liver injury, in this study we evaluated serum level of TOC, which precisely shows the oxidant status of blood, and TAC, as indicator of blood, cells and tissues defense system against free radicals, measures the antioxidant capacity of all antioxidants in a biological sample and not just the antioxidant capacity of a single compound. Measurement of TAC can provide information on overall antioxidant status, which may include those antioxidants not yet recognized or not easily measured[ 20 , 26 ]. Significant augmentation of TOC and reduction of TAC were observed in Paraquat-exposed groups, which confirmed the role of free radical generation and attenuation of antioxidant level in Paraquat-medicated hepatic injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant effects of aqueous extract of Salep on Paraquat-induced rat liver injury

Atashpour¹,

Jahromi²,

Jahromi³

et al. 2017

WJH

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AIMTo evaluate the effects of aqueous extract of Salep on Paraquat-mediated liver injury.METHODSIn this experimental study, 56 adult male Wistar rats were divided randomly to 7 groups as control, sham, and 5 experimental groups. In control group, rats did not receive any substance during experiment. In Sham group, rats were given distilled water according to their body weight and in experimental groups, Paraquat alone and with different doses of Salep aqueous extract (40, 80, 160 and 320 mg/kg) was given intraperitoneal daily for 14 d. After that, liver biochemical parameter and histologic changes were analyzed and compared in different groups.RESULTSParaquat compared to control and sham groups, significantly (P < 0.05) increased serum level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin, malondialdehyde (MDA) and total oxidant capacity (TOC); while level of total protein, albumin and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were remarkably decreased by Paraquat. Salep at doses of 80, 160 and 320 mg/kg significantly decreased serum level of ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, MDA and TOC and significantly increased total protein, albumin and TAC level as compared to Paraquat exposed group in dose dependent manner. Aqueous extract of Salep at doses of 40 mg/kg made no significant changes in serum level of mentioned biochemical parameters. Liver microscopic observation revealed that Paraquat could cause hepatocyte necrosis, degenerative changes, proliferation and activation of Kupffer cells (sporadically) which were reduced by Salep treatment.CONCLUSIONSalep possesses remarkable hepatoprotection activity against Paraquat-induced hepatic injury by having antioxidant activity and reducing lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress.

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Effects of Xenobiotics on Total Antioxidant Capacity

Cited by 26 publications

References 77 publications

Comparison of the acute phase protein and antioxidant responses in dogs vaccinated against canine monocytic ehrlichiosis and naive-challenged dogs

Comparison of the acute phase protein and antioxidant responses in dogs vaccinated against canine monocytic ehrlichiosis and naive-challenged dogs

Antioxidant and Reduced Skin Ageing Effects of A Polyphenol-Enriched Dietary Supplement in Response to Air Pollution: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

Antioxidant effects of aqueous extract of Salep on Paraquat-induced rat liver injury

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