Effects of X-Ray Radiation on Pancreatic Function in Dogs

Rauch, Robert F.; Stenstrom, K. W.

doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(52)80066-6

Cited by 30 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Although detailed pancreatic endocrine analysis during IVGTT after irradiation has been poorly documented, other studies have centered on the qualitative and quan- titative effects of irradiation on pancreatic histology and secretion in dogs [17][18][19][20]. Most of the studies have been isolated reports, many of the findings were contradictory, which in turn may be attributed to a species difference, variations in technique or dosage of irradiation employed.…”

Section: Loid and Megakaryocytic Series (H And E X 200)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of ionizing radiation on the primate pancreas: An endocrine and morphologic study

Toit

Heydenrych

Smit

et al. 1987

Journal of Surgical Oncology

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In this study we evaluated the endocrine, biochemical, and haematological derangements as well as pancreatic and histological changes of the bonemarrow in the primate following external fractionated subtotal marrow irradiation without bonemarrow reconstitution. The irradiation was administered in preparation for pancreatic transplantation. Two groups of animals (ten in each group) received 800 rad (8 Gy) and 1,000 rad (10 Gy) respectively over 4 to 5 weeks. A maximum of 200 rads (2 Gy) were administered weekly as photons from a 6 MV linear accelerator. During irradiation the animals remained normoglycaemic in the presence of transiently elevated liver enzymes and serum amylase values, which returned to normal on completion of the irradiation. Insulin release was significantly reduced in both groups during irradiation and was associated with minimally decreased K-values in the presence of mild glucose intolerance. Pancreatic light morphologic changes included structural changes of both exocrine and endocrine elements and included necrosis of the islet cells and acinar tissue. Islet histology demonstrated striking cytocavitary network changes of alpha and beta cells, including degranulation, vacuolization, mitochondrial destruction, and an increase in lysosomes. A hypoplastic bonemarrow ranging from moderate to severe was observed in all irradiated recipients. Near total fractionated body irradiation in the primate is therefore associated with elevated liver enzymes, pancytopenia, transient hyperamylasaemia, hypoinsulinaemia, a varying degree of pancreatitis, and bonemarrow hypoplasia.

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Section: Loid and Megakaryocytic Series (H And E X 200)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of ionizing radiation on the primate pancreas: An endocrine and morphologic study

Toit

Heydenrych

Smit

et al. 1987

Journal of Surgical Oncology

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“…An approach of using single doses of 4 to 8 Gy and monitoring the exudation amylase level as "treatment response" could be a feasible strategy with other patients, as it is likely that these low doses already dampen exocrine function. 7,8 In summary, we observed a significant response to irradiation of the pancreatic fistula that manifested in the termination of the fistula-driven secretion and lowering the exocrine function of the pancreas while maintaining endocrine function 2 months after radiation. Removal of the drainage meant an elimination of a possible source of infection and pain.…”

mentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Detailed studies on irradiation of the exocrine pancreas in particular pancreatic fistulas, as well as studies of a dose-response relationship, however, exist only in canines. By giving a single dose of 4 to 6 Gy, a reduction in the pancreatic fistula secretion volume was shown in dogs 7 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereotactic Irradiation of the Pancreas

et al. 2022

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“…The purpose of radiotherapy is quite different-it is to inhibit enzyme secretion and thus allow the disrupted duct to seal. Animal studies (Orndorff et al, 1926;Rauch and Stenstrom, 1952) and evidence in man (Wachtfeidl and Vitez, 1968) indicate that irradiation of the pancreas inhibits secretion within hours. Normal function returns in one to three weeks, and permanent morphological changes are rare, even after high doses (Volk and Wellman, 1968).…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreatic ascites treated by irradiation of pancreas.

Kavin¹,

Sobel²,

Dembo³

1971

BMJ

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Ascites in an alcoholic is usually due to cirrhosis of the liver. Massive ascites, however, can complicate chronic pancreatitis (Cameron et al., 1967) and surgery is regarded as the treatment of choice (Cameron et al., 1969). We describe a case of pancreatic ascites successfully treated by a single dose of irradiation to the pancreas when definitive surgery was impossible. Case HistoryA 46-year-old white man was admitted to hospital in December 1969 because of epigastric pain, progressive abdominal distension, and loss of 16 kg in weight. He had been drinking about 1 litre of whisky or gin daily for 25 years. In 1967 he had been admitted to hospital for chronic relapsing pancreatitis and pancreatic pseudocyst, but had refused surgery and discharged himself.He was cachectic and had massive ascites. There was no hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, or evidence of liver failure. The full blood count, serum urea and electrolytes, serum lipids, bromsulphalein retention, prothrombin time, serum aspartate aminotransferase, bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase were normal. The serum albumin was 2 6 g/100 ml, globulin 4.2 g/100 ml. The Westergren erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 95 mm in the first hour. A glucose tolerance test showed a fasting blood sugar of 95 mg and a two-hour value of 120 mg/100 ml. Faecal fat excretion was 5-1 g/24 hours. Barium-meal examination showed nothing abnormal and pancreatic calcification was not noted. An oral cholecystogram was normal.Ascites secondary to alcoholic cirrhosis was diagnosed and treatment was begun with salt restriction and diuretics. When there was no response an alternative diagnosis was sought. Liver biopsy material was normal. Ascitic fluid contained protein 4-1 g/100 ml, amylase 3,160 Somogyi units/100 ml, and no cells. The serum amylase varied from 250 to 1,820 Somogyi units/100 ml. On the basis of these findings pancreatic ascites was diagnosed.At laparotomy the liver was found to be normal, but owing to extensive fat necrosis in the omentum and numerous thick fibrinous adhesions careful dissection of the pancreas was impossible. A pseudocyst was not identified and pancreatography could not be performed. A peritoneal catheter was left in situ and the abdomen closed. About 3 litres of ascitic fluid containing large quantities of amylase and trypsin drained daily and the patient's general condition rapidly deteriorated.On the 13th postoperative day it was decided to irradiate the pancreas. One anterior and one posterior field were used, both 20 by 8 cm, and a single treatment (500-rad skin dose) was

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Effects of X-Ray Radiation on Pancreatic Function in Dogs

Cited by 30 publications

References 4 publications

The effect of ionizing radiation on the primate pancreas: An endocrine and morphologic study

The effect of ionizing radiation on the primate pancreas: An endocrine and morphologic study

Stereotactic Irradiation of the Pancreas

Pancreatic ascites treated by irradiation of pancreas.

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