Effects of X‐irradiation on mouse testicular cells and sperm chromatin structure

Sailer, Brian L.; Jost, Lorna K.; Erickson, K. R.; Tajiran, M. A.; Evenson, Donald P.

doi:10.1002/em.2850250105

Cited by 109 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The changes in color were a reflection of reduction in sperm concentration and mass activity during insulation and post-insulation untreated phases and this is similar to findings by Matthew et al (1975). All the changes in color and reduction in semen characteristics have been attributed to a reduction in spermatids and spermatozoa number by a failure of spermatocyte cell stage to complete their maturation cycle (Sailer et al, 1997). The spermatocytes are the most susceptible cell type to heat; they are usually destroyed during scrotal insulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Spermiogram of Mesterolone Treated West African Dwarf Bucks with Testicular Degeneration

Oyeyemi¹,

Adeniji²,

Olugbemi³

2011

Nig. Vet. J.

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Semen is the fluid discharged at ejaculation in the male consisting of spermatozoa in their nutrient plasma, secretions from the prostate, seminal vesicles and various other glands, epithelial cells and minor constituents (Blood et al., 2008). The Seminal plasma is the liquid supernatant obtained after centrifugation or sedimentation of semen. Semen in domestic SummaryTwelve West African Dwarf bucks were used in this study to measure the effect of scrotal insulation and post insulation Proviron® treatment on semen. The testes of the bucks were insulated using cellophane bags and cotton wool for 30 days. After the removal of the insulating materials, the bucks were divided into groups A and B. Animals in group A received 100mg per head per week of Proviron® (mesterolone) for 3 weeks while group B animals were left untreated. Semen collection was done using electroejaculation method throughout the study. Results showed that scrotal insulation caused testicular degeneration evidenced by an insignificant reduction (P>0.05) in sperm motility from 50.28±39.30% preinsulation to 41.81± 30.80% during insulation. However, motility increased significantly (P<0.05) to 74.58± 13.73% in post insulation treated bucks. Mass activity was graded good (++) pre-insulation, fair (+) during insulation, very poor (0) post insulation and very good (+++) during post insulation treatment phase. It was concluded that increased testicular heat due to scrotal insulation resulted in testicular degeneration and that the responses to proviron® treatment in post insulation treated bucks confirmed the anabolic and androgenic properties of Proviron®. K E Y W O R D S : S p e r m i o g r a m , m e s t e r o l o n e , electroejeculation, testicular degeneration

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Semen samples were collected from all animals using the electro-ejaculation method (Sailer et al, 1997) as control to the experiment on weekly basis for 3 weeks prior to insulation (preinsulation phases). This was to obtain the normal baseline values of the semen characteristics of the 12 bucks.…”

Section: Semen Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spermiogram of Mesterolone Treated West African Dwarf Bucks with Testicular Degeneration

Oyeyemi¹,

Adeniji²,

Olugbemi³

2011

Nig. Vet. J.

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“…This phenomenon has also been observed in male germ cells [de Boer et al, 2010]. Spermatogonial irradiation causes delayed genomic instability in descendant sperm [Sailer et al, 1995;Haines et al, 2001Haines et al, , 2002Cordelli et al, 2003] as well as in the progeny of irradiated male parents in rodents [Baulch and Raabe, 2005;Barber and Dubrova, 2006;Barber et al, 2009] and humans [Aghajanyan et al, 2011]. Remodeling of chromatin domains and nuclear matrix during spermiogenesis and in the zygote has been suggested to play a role in these phenomena [de Boer et al, 2010], but how and when they operate is still unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Mechanistic understanding of non-targeted effects on the germ line is necessary to determine whether it is relevant for genetic risk assessment of radiation exposure. Mouse spermatozoa derived from irradiated premeiotic germ cells carry DNA strand breaks [Sailer et al, 1995;Haines et al, 2001Haines et al, , 2002Cordelli et al, 2003]. The persistence of these strand breaks is incompatible with the multiple mitotic cycles and checkpoints, meiosis and postmeiotic differentiation processes that take place in cells from the time of exposure to the generation of spermatozoa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct and delayed X‐ray‐induced DNA damage in male mouse germ cells

Cordelli¹,

Eleuteri²,

Grollino³

et al. 2012

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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Sperm DNA integrity is essential for the accurate transmission of paternal genetic information. Various stages of spermatogenesis are characterized by large differences in radiosensitivity. Differentiating spermatogonia are susceptible to radiationinduced cell killing, but some of them can repair DNA damage and progress through differentiation. In this study, we applied the neutral comet assay, immunodetection of phosphorylated H2AX (g-H2AX) and the Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA) to detect DNA strand breaks in testicular cells and spermatozoa at different times following in vivo X-ray irradiation. Radiation produced DNA strand breaks in testicular cells that were repaired within the first few hours after exposure. Spermatozoa were resistant to the induction of DNA damage, but non-targeted DNA lesions were detected in spermatozoa derived from surviving irradiated spermatogonia. These lesions formed while round spermatids started to elongate within the testicular seminiferous tubules. The transcription of pro-apoptotic genes at this time was also enhanced, suggesting that an apoptotic-like process was involved in DNA break production. Our results suggest that proliferating spermatogonia retain a memory of the radiation insult that is recognized at a later developmental stage and activates a process leading to DNA fragmentation. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 53:429-439, 2012. V V C 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…genetic or developmental abnormalities) or due to secondary or extrinsic factors causing testicular or posttesticular injury (e.g. gonadotoxins, hyperthermia, oxidants, endocrine abnormalities) [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Investigators have suggested that protamine deficiency (with aberrant chromatin remodeling), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and abortive apoptosis may cause sperm DNA damage [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which isolated sperm abnormality is most related to sperm DNA damage in men presenting for infertility evaluation

Belloc¹,

Benkhalifa²,

Cohen-Bacrie³

et al. 2014

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Background Sperm DNA damage is common in infertile men and is associated with poor semen parameters but the impact of an isolated sperm abnormality on sperm DNA damage has not been studied. Objective To evaluate sperm DNA damage in a large cohort of infertile men with isolated sperm defects. Design, setting and participants Retrospective study of 1084 consecutive, non-azoospermic infertile men with an isolated sperm defect: isolated oligozoospermia (iOligo), isolated asthenozoospermia (iAstheno) or isolated teratozoospermia (iTerato). Outcome measurements and statistical analysis We examined and compared clinical parameters, conventional semen parameters and %sperm DNA fragmentation (%SDF, assessed by flow cytometry-based Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP Nick End-Labeling assay) in the three groups of men. Results and limitations The mean (±SD) %SDF was significantly higher in the iAstheno compared to the iOligo and iTerato groups (25.0±14.0 vs. 19.2±11.6 and 20.7±12.1 %, respectively, P<0.0001). Similarly, the proportion of men with high %SDF (>30 %) was significantly higher in the iAstheno compared to the iOligo and iTerato groups (31 % vs. 18 % and 19 %, respectively, P<0.0001). In the group of 713 men with iAstheno, %SDF was positively correlated with paternal age (r=0.20, P<0.0001) and inversely correlated with %progressive motility (r=−0.18, P<0.0001). In the subset of 218 men with iTerato, %SDF was also positively correlated with paternal age (r=0.15, P=0.018) and inversely correlated with %progressive motility (r=−0.26, P=0.0001). Conclusions In this large cohort of infertile men with isolated sperm abnormalities, we have found that the sperm DNA fragmentation level is highest in the men with sperm motility defects and that 31 % of these men have high levels of sperm DNA fragmentation. The data indicate that poor motility is the sperm parameter abnormality most closely related to sperm DNA damage.

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Effects of X‐irradiation on mouse testicular cells and sperm chromatin structure

Cited by 109 publications

References 42 publications

The Spermiogram of Mesterolone Treated West African Dwarf Bucks with Testicular Degeneration

The Spermiogram of Mesterolone Treated West African Dwarf Bucks with Testicular Degeneration

Direct and delayed X‐ray‐induced DNA damage in male mouse germ cells

Which isolated sperm abnormality is most related to sperm DNA damage in men presenting for infertility evaluation

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