Effects of Wound Bacteria on Postburn Energy Metabolism

Aulick, Louis H.

doi:10.21236/ada242721

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) are versatile materials used in a variety of electrochemical processes for water and waste treatment, energy production, energy storage, and industrial separation. − IEM performance in electrochemical systems is typically quantified through membrane permselectivity and resistance, which together determine the energy efficiency and/or power output of a given process. − Permselectivity measures the degree to which IEMs selectively allow ions of opposite charge (counter-ions) to permeate, while excluding ions of like charge (co-ions) . In a cation-exchange membrane (CEM), for example, cations are the counter-ions and anions are the co-ions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure Determines Water and Salt Permeation in Commercial Ion-Exchange Membranes

Kingsbury

Zhu

Flotron

et al. 2018

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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determines water and salt permeation in commercial ion exchange membranes. ChemRxiv. Preprint.Ion exchange membrane (IEM) performance in electrochemical processes such as fuel cells, redox flow batteries, or reverse electrodialysis (RED) is typically quantified through membrane selectivity and conductivity, which together determine the energy efficiency. However, water and co-ion transport (i.e., osmosis and salt diffusion / fuel crossover) also impact energy efficiency by allowing uncontrolled mixing of the electrolyte solutions to occur. For example, in RED with hypersaline water sources, uncontrolled mixing consumes 20-50% of the available mixing energy. Thus, in addition to high selectivity and high conductivity, it is desirable for IEMs to have low permeability to water and salt in order to minimize energy losses.Unfortunately, there is very little quantitative water and salt permeability information available for commercial IEMs, making it difficult to select the best membrane for a particular application. Accordingly, we measured the water and salt transport properties of 20 commercial IEMs and analyzed the relationships between permeability, diffusion and partitioning according to the solution-diffusion model. We found that water and salt permeance vary over several orders of magnitude among commercial IEMs, making some membranes better-suited than others to electrochemical processes that involve high salt concentrations and/or concentration gradients. Water and salt diffusion coefficients were found to be the principal factors contributing to the differences in permeance among commercial IEMs. We also observed that water and salt permeability were highly correlated to one another for all IEMs studied, regardless of polymer type or reinforcement. This finding suggests that transport of mobile salt in IEMs is governed by the microstructure of the membrane, and provides clear evidence that mobile salt does not interact strongly with polymer chains in highly-swollen IEMs. File list (2)download file view on ChemRxiv RK-P3A-Manuscript-v5.1 clean ChemRxiv.pdf (700.14 KiB) download file view on ChemRxiv RK-P3A-SI-v5 clean.pdf (365.46 KiB)

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