Effects of word frequency, contextual diversity, and semantic distinctiveness on spoken word recognition

Johns, Brendan T.; Gruenenfelder, Thomas M.; Pisoni, David B.; Jones, Michael N.

doi:10.1121/1.4731641

Cited by 66 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, when Adelman et al (2006) used databases to manipulate frequency, while controlling for CD, and vice versa, CD accounted for nearly all of the variance in naming and lexical decision times. The same pattern is observed with young developing readers (Hills, Maouene, Riordan, & Smith, 2010;Perea, Soares, & Comesaña, 2013) and has been replicated with related measures (Adelman & Brown, 2008;Hoffman, Lambon Ralph, & Rogers, 2013;Hoffman, Rogers, & Lambon Ralph, 2011;Johns, Gruenenfelder, Pisoni, & Jones, 2012;Jones, Johns, & Recchia, 2012;Steyvers & Malmberg, 2003;Yap, Tan, Pexman, & Hargreaves, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 52%

The effect of contextual diversity on eye movements in Chinese sentence reading

et al. 2016

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Recent studies have demonstrated that when contextual diversity is controlled token word frequency has minimal effects on visual word recognition. With the exception of a single experiment by Plummer, Perea, & Rayner (2014, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 40, 275-283), those studies have examined words in isolation. The current studies address two potential limitations of the Plummer et al. experiment. First, because Plummer et al. used different sentence frames for words in different conditions, the effects might be due to uncontrolled differences on the sentences. Second, the absence of a frequency effect might be attributed to comparing higher and lower frequency words within a limited range. Three eyetracking experiments examined effects of contextual diversity and frequency on Mandarin Chinese, a logographic language, for words embedded in the normal sentences. In Experiment 1, yoked words were rotated through the same sentence frame.Experiments 2a and 2b used a design similar to Plummer et al., which allows use of a larger sample of words to compare results between experiments with a smaller and larger difference in log frequency (0.41 and 1.06, respectively). In all three experiments, first-pass and later eye movement measures were significantly shorter for targets with higher contextual diversity than for targets with lower contextual diversity, with no effects of frequency.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 52%

The effect of contextual diversity on eye movements in Chinese sentence reading

et al. 2016

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“…For example, Johns et al [50] brought the concept of semantic diversity, it refers the account the number of different semantic contexts in which the word appears [48,50,51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the contradictory results: (1) Contextual diversity rather than word frequency is a better predictor of word recognition [1,[41][42][43]. (2) both of them could influence word recognition independently, and they are two total different variables [26,44], thus need more research and discussion to confirm the relationship of the two.…”

Section: Relevant Research On Word Frequency and Contextual Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of word frequency and contextual diversity in visual word recognition: a mini review

Huang¹

2017

New Front Ophthalmol

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Contextual diversity refers to the number of contexts in which a word appears. It is traditionally believed that word frequency is an important factor affecting lexical access, but the presence of contextual diversity challenges the position of word frequency in lexical cognition. The research on contextual diversity and word frequency is mainly focused on two fields, namely word recognition and word learning. However, research outcomes concerning the mapping between contextual diversity and word frequency are inconsistent with each other: 1) Contextual diversity can replace word frequency, and is better than word frequency in terms of word recognition; 2) Word frequency and contextual diversity are two different variables that affect word recognition, both of which independently affect word recognition. No definite conclusion about the relationship between the two has been reached yet. Finally, we highlight topics that are in need of future systematic research.

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“…The use of low-frequency vocabulary, yet another characteristic of written discourse, will confront the interpreter with the word frequency effect (Johns et al 2012), according to which words occurring less frequently in a given language will be recognized less quickly and less accurately, particularly in a noisy environment. As we have seen above, from a language processing perspective, simultaneous interpreting can be considered to entail a noisy environment.…”

Section: Read Discourse and Simultaneous Interpretingmentioning

confidence: 99%

La interpretación en las instituciones europeas: más rápido, más alto, más fuerte

Seeber

2018

CLINA

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The workplace of simultaneous conference interpreters appears to have changed relatively little since early veterans provided the first simultaneous interpreting service during the inter-war and post-war period. On the face of it, the task, too, appears to have remained the same, as simultaneous interpreters continue to relay spoken discourse from one language into another language in real time. A closer analysis of the task and its inherent constraints, however, reveals a different picture: in fact, modern-day simultaneous interpreting at international organizations can be likened to the Olympics of the profession. In keeping with the Olympic motto, speakers speak ever faster, the likelihood that they will be reading a prepared presentation is ever higher and their accents are ever stronger.In this contribution I set out to explore these three parameters as the three principal challenges for simultaneous interpreters working at international organizations. The analysis will begin with an overview of these factors' incidence across major international organizations as a backdrop against which to scrutinize them further.The discussion of the first parameter, speed, will begin with a critical discussion of the recommendations made by early practitioners and still upheld by many professional Kilian Seeber Interpreting at the European Institutions:faster, higher, stronger associations, as they appear to be in stark contrast with the professional reality encountered by interpreters working in international organizations.The examination of the second parameter, i.e., the read nature of discourse, highlights the unique features of this modality and outlines the repercussions it inevitably has on the product.The consideration of the third and final parameter, accent, starts with the isolation of accent as measurable and salient phonological feature of language to the exclusion of other features of what has become known in the literature as International English, Global English or English as Lingua Franca (ELF).For all three parameters a theoretical analysis of the phenomenon including their impact on the interpreting process are provided in an in-depth exploration of the cognitive processes involved in simultaneous conference interpreting at international organizations.Key words: Simultaneous interpreting, European Institutions, speed, accents, interpreting with textResumen: El lugar de trabajo de los intérpretes simultáneos de conferencia parece haber cambiado relativamente poco desde que los primeros veteranos ofrecieran los primeros servicios de interpretación simultánea durante el período de entreguerras y de posguerra. Diríase que la propia tarea también ha permanecido sin cambios, puesto que los intérpretes simultáneos siguen transformando el discurso oral de una lengua a otra en tiempo real. Un análisis más detallado de esta labor y de sus restricciones inherentes, no obstante, nos muestra una situación diferente: de hecho, la interpretación simultánea actual en las organizaciones internacionales puede ...

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Effects of word frequency, contextual diversity, and semantic distinctiveness on spoken word recognition

Cited by 66 publications

References 23 publications

The effect of contextual diversity on eye movements in Chinese sentence reading

The effect of contextual diversity on eye movements in Chinese sentence reading

The role of word frequency and contextual diversity in visual word recognition: a mini review

La interpretación en las instituciones europeas: más rápido, más alto, más fuerte

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