Effects of wood species on durability and chemical changes of fungal decayed wood plastic composites

Fabiyi, James S.; McDonald, Armando G.; Morrell, Jeffrey J.; Freitag, Camille

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2011.01.009

Cited by 106 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…6) (Harrington et al 1964;Pandey and Pitman 2003). Even though the source of the paper is not known, this peak was attributed to the acetyl group coming from xylan in hardwood and glucomannan in softwood (Fabiyi et al 2011). The peak was seen in both specimens paper and packaging material at 1641 cm -1 (6) was attributed to H-O-H deformation vibration of absorbed water (Harrington et al 1964).…”

Section: Ft-ir Atr Evaluations Evaluation Of Tp Panels and Layersmentioning

confidence: 97%

Degradation Behavior and Accelerated Weathering of Composite Boards Produced from Waste Tetra Pak® Packaging Materials

et al. 2014

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Manufacturing panels from Tetra Pak ® (TP) packaging material might be an alternative to conventional wood-based panels. This study evaluated some chemical and physical properties as well as biological, weathering, and fire performance of panels with and without zinc borate (ZnB) by using shredded TP packaging cartons. Such packaging material, a worldwide well-known multilayer beverage packaging system, is composed of cellulose, low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and aluminum (Al). Panels produced from waste TP packaging material were also examined by FT-IR to understand the fungal deterioration and extent of degradation after accelerated weathering. Before FT-IR investigations, panel specimens were ground under nitrogen atmosphere due to nonuniformity of the composite material. The FT-IR results showed that fungal degradation occurred in the natural polymer of the panel matrix. Although the natural polymer is mostly composed of cellulose, there were also small amounts of polyoses and lignin. It was seen that especially polyose and lignin bands in FT-IR spectra were affected more than cellulose bands by fungal attack. No changes were observed by the fungi in the plastic component (LDPE) of the matrix; however, LDPE seemed more sensitive to weathering than cellulose. Incorporation of ZnB at loading level of 1% (w/w) did not contribute fire performance of the panels when compared to control panel specimens, while a loading level of 10% improved fire performance considering test parameters such as mass loss, ignition time and peak heat release rate.

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Section: Ft-ir Atr Evaluations Evaluation Of Tp Panels and Layersmentioning

confidence: 97%

Degradation Behavior and Accelerated Weathering of Composite Boards Produced from Waste Tetra Pak® Packaging Materials

et al. 2014

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“…Concerning the manufacturing method, it is reported that injection molded samples exhibit the lowest weight loss compared to hot pressed and extruded ones (Clemons and Ibach 2004). In general it is said that wood species with higher durability are also causing higher durability of the composite (Stokke and Gardner 2003;Fabiyi et al 2011;Kim et al 2008). In contrast to solid wood, water uptake, water diffusion and water release is obviously reduced in WPC (Steckel et al 2007;Chen et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance of modified polyvinyl chloride/wood flour composites to basidiomycetes

et al. 2013

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Aminosilane, melamine and acetic anhydride treated wood flour were added to polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and manufactured into wood-plastic composites (WPC) panels in order to investigate the influence of modification on the resistance to basidiomycetes of the composite. The composite consisted of 50 wt% wood and 50 wt% PVC dry blend. White rot (Trametes versicolor) and brown rot (Coniophora puteana) fungi were used to inoculate the composite. Test procedure was carried out according to ENV 12038 with an additional water pre-treatment of the composite. All tested formulations showed high resistance to basidiomycetes under the test conditions. With regard to the modifications used, only aminosilane treated composites showed slightly decreased weight loss values compared to the untreated reference. Resistenz von modifizierten

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“…Studies on the factors affecting on the properties of WPC under weathering conditions have focused on various aspects, such as weathering conditions (e.g. moisture, temperature, and biological decay) [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], wood content, processing method, weathering condition, and type and content of UV absorbers and pigments [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. The presence of wood has been found to accelerate the photodegradation of WPC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photodegradation profiles of PVC compound and wood/PVC composites under UV weathering

Chaochanchaikul¹,

Rosarpitak²,

Sombatsompop³

2013

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. This work aimed to study the effect of different ultraviolet (UV) weathering conditions (natural and accelerated) on the photodegradation of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and wood/polyvinyl chloride (WPVC) composites by considering the structural and physical changes of PVC and WPVC samples as well as examining the photodegradation profiles at different depths from the sample surfaces. The photodegradation of PVC and WPVC composites under natural weathering conditions were lower than those under accelerated weathering conditions. The addition of Tinuvin P stabilizer at 2 phr was sufficient to stabilize PVC and WPVC composites, whereas the presence of wood appeared to accelerate the photodegradation of PVC under both natural and accelerated weathering conditions. When considering the photodegradation profiles at different depths of the samples, it was found that the polyene and carbonyl sequences of PVC and WPVC composites were high at the sample surfaces and tended to decrease rapidly with increasing depth from the specimen surface before stabilizing at a depth of 60 µm for PVC and 80 µm for WPVC composites. The differences in specimen depths for the stabilization of polyene and carbonyl sequences in PVC and WPVC samples implied that the presence of wood particles enhanced the absorption of UV radiation by the WPVC composite samples.

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Effects of wood species on durability and chemical changes of fungal decayed wood plastic composites

Cited by 106 publications

References 20 publications

Degradation Behavior and Accelerated Weathering of Composite Boards Produced from Waste Tetra Pak® Packaging Materials

Degradation Behavior and Accelerated Weathering of Composite Boards Produced from Waste Tetra Pak® Packaging Materials

Resistance of modified polyvinyl chloride/wood flour composites to basidiomycetes

Photodegradation profiles of PVC compound and wood/PVC composites under UV weathering

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